1 files changed, 4609 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/src/main.cpp b/src/main.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0342650
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,4609 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2009 Satoshi Nakamoto
+// Distributed under the MIT/X11 software license, see the accompanying
+// file license.txt or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
+
+#pragma push_macro("snprintf")
+#undef snprintf
+#include <nlohmann/json.hpp>
+#pragma pop_macro("snprintf")
+#ifdef snprintf
+#undef snprintf
+#endif
+#include "headers.h"
+#include "sha.h"
+#include <atomic>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <thread>
+#include "bip32.h"
+#include "btfaddr.h"
+#include "btftunnel.h"
+#ifndef _WIN32
+#include <sys/socket.h>
+#include <netinet/in.h>
+#include <arpa/inet.h>
+#include <netdb.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#endif
+
+
+
+
+
+//
+// Global state
+//
+
+CCriticalSection cs_main;
+
+map<uint256, CTransaction> mapTransactions;
+CCriticalSection cs_mapTransactions;
+unsigned int nTransactionsUpdated = 0;
+map<COutPoint, CInPoint> mapNextTx;
+
+map<uint256, CBlockIndex*> mapBlockIndex;
+// Bitflash genesis -- mined under RandomX PoW on 2026-07-22
+// (nTime 1753142400, nBits 0x1f0fffff, RandomX key "Bitflash/RandomX/v1/...")
+// Bitflash 2026 stable relaunch genesis (2-min blocks, RandomX). Mined values.
+unsigned int GENESIS_NONCE = 3141;
+uint256 hashGenesisBlock("0x5bd7cb255d814e48cebcdfb72da4dc87b34bd774227f8ceb546c5640f4bdc169");
+uint256 hashGenesisMerkleRoot("0x1a45b4482532abb29b10e234d3f13132230525a339ecea91658ffa675a5b1325");
+CBlockIndex* pindexGenesisBlock = NULL;
+int nBestHeight = -1;
+uint256 hashBestChain = 0;
+// Blocks at the tip to re-verify on startup. 0 means the whole chain. 288 is
+// about ten hours at a two-minute target -- far enough back to catch a bad tip,
+// short enough that startup does not pay a RandomX hash per block for the whole
+// history. /checkblocks=N overrides it.
+int nCheckBlocksOnLoad = 288;
+// Set by CTxDB::LoadBlockIndex when the tail of the chain fails verification.
+// The repair runs in LoadBlockIndex() below, once that read-only handle and its
+// cursor are closed.
+CBlockIndex* pindexBadChainFork = NULL;
+CBlockIndex* pindexBest = NULL;
+
+map<uint256, CBlock*> mapOrphanBlocks;
+multimap<uint256, CBlock*> mapOrphanBlocksByPrev;
+
+map<uint256, CDataStream*> mapOrphanTransactions;
+multimap<uint256, CDataStream*> mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev;
+
+map<uint256, CWalletTx> mapWallet;
+vector<pair<uint256, bool> > vWalletUpdated;
+CCriticalSection cs_mapWallet;
+
+map<vector<unsigned char>, CPrivKey> mapKeys;
+map<vector<unsigned char>, vector<unsigned char> > mapCryptedKeys;
+map<uint160, vector<unsigned char> > mapPubKeys;
+map<unsigned int, CWalletMasterKey> mapMasterKeys;
+unsigned int nWalletMasterKeyMaxID = 0;
+CKeyingMaterial vWalletMasterKey;
+vector<unsigned char> vchCryptedHDMaster;
+vector<unsigned char> vchCryptedHDChainCode;
+bool fWalletEncrypted = false;
+bool fWalletLocked = true;
+CCriticalSection cs_mapKeys;
+CKey keyUser;
+
+string strSetDataDir;
+int nDropMessagesTest = 0;
+bool fSoloMineTest = false; // /solomine: mine without requiring a peer (local test)
+
+// Settings
+int fGenerateBitcoins;
+// How many threads to hash with. 0 means "decide from the hardware" -- see
+// MinerThreadCount(). This was effectively 1 forever, because Bitcoin 0.1.0
+// started exactly one miner thread and nothing here ever changed that. It made
+// sense for SHA-256d in 2009; RandomX is built to be fed by every core at once,
+// so a 32-core machine was mining at a thirty-second of its capacity and the
+// only visible symptom was a suspiciously idle CPU.
+int nMinerThreads = 0;
+int64 nTransactionFee = 0;
+CAddress addrIncoming;
+int    nMineMode        = MINE_RELAY;
+bool   fMineModeFromCommandLine = false;
+string strParticipantPool;           // participant mode: pool .btf address
+string strPoolName       = "Bitflash Pool";
+string strPoolDashboardUrl;
+double dPoolFeePercent   = 0.0;
+
+static std::atomic<uint64> gParticipantSharesSent{0};
+static std::atomic<uint64> gParticipantSharesAccepted{0};
+static std::atomic<uint64> gParticipantHashes{0};
+static std::atomic<uint64> gParticipantHashRateX1000{0};
+static std::mutex gParticipantStatusMutex;
+static std::string gParticipantStatus;
+
+void SetParticipantMiningStatus(const std::string& status)
+{
+    // Updates the GUI status string only. Logging is done at each call site
+    // with full context; duplicating it here just adds noise to the log.
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lk(gParticipantStatusMutex);
+    gParticipantStatus = status;
+}
+
+std::string GetParticipantMiningStatus()
+{
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lk(gParticipantStatusMutex);
+    return gParticipantStatus;
+}
+
+void GetParticipantMiningStats(uint64& sharesSent, uint64& sharesAccepted, double& hashRate)
+{
+    sharesSent = gParticipantSharesSent.load();
+    sharesAccepted = gParticipantSharesAccepted.load();
+    hashRate = (double)gParticipantHashRateX1000.load() / 1000.0;
+}
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+// mapKeys
+//
+
+// Threads to hash with, resolving the automatic case.
+//
+// Automatic leaves one core to the rest of the node -- accepting blocks,
+// talking to peers, serving the GUI -- because a machine that mines perfectly
+// while falling behind the chain has won nothing. Anyone who disagrees can say
+// so with /genproclimit and get exactly what they ask for.
+//
+// Memory is not the reason to hold back: the ~2 GB RandomX dataset is shared by
+// every thread, and each one adds only its own 2 MB scratchpad. Sixteen threads
+// cost about 32 MB more than one.
+int MinerThreadCount()
+{
+    if (nMinerThreads > 0)
+        return nMinerThreads;
+    unsigned int nCores = std::thread::hardware_concurrency();
+    if (nCores <= 1)
+        return 1;
+    return (int)(nCores - 1);
+}
+
+bool AddKey(const CKey& key)
+{
+    if (IsWalletEncrypted())
+    {
+        string strError;
+        CPrivKey vchPrivKey = key.GetPrivKey();
+        vector<unsigned char> vchCryptedSecret;
+        if (IsWalletLocked())
+            return error("AddKey() : wallet is locked\n");
+        if (!EncryptSecret(vWalletMasterKey, vector<unsigned char>(vchPrivKey.begin(), vchPrivKey.end()),
+                           WalletKeyIV(key.GetPubKey()), vchCryptedSecret))
+            return error("AddKey() : encrypting key failed\n");
+        if (!AddCryptedKey(key.GetPubKey(), vchCryptedSecret))
+            return false;
+        return CWalletDB().WriteCryptedKey(key.GetPubKey(), vchCryptedSecret);
+    }
+
+    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapKeys)
+    {
+        mapKeys[key.GetPubKey()] = key.GetPrivKey();
+        mapPubKeys[Hash160(key.GetPubKey())] = key.GetPubKey();
+    }
+    return CWalletDB().WriteKey(key.GetPubKey(), key.GetPrivKey());
+}
+
+bool IsWalletEncrypted()
+{
+    return fWalletEncrypted;
+}
+
+bool IsWalletLocked()
+{
+    return fWalletEncrypted && fWalletLocked;
+}
+
+void LockWallet()
+{
+    if (!fWalletEncrypted)
+        return;
+    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapKeys)
+    {
+        vWalletMasterKey.clear();
+        if (!vchCryptedHDMaster.empty())
+            vchHDMaster.clear();
+        if (!vchCryptedHDChainCode.empty())
+            vchHDChainCode.clear();
+        fWalletLocked = true;
+    }
+}
+
+bool DeriveWalletPassphraseKey(const string& strPassphrase,
+                               const vector<unsigned char>& vchSalt,
+                               unsigned int nDeriveIterations,
+                               CKeyingMaterial& vchKeyRet,
+                               vector<unsigned char>& vchIVRet)
+{
+    vchKeyRet.clear();
+    vchIVRet.clear();
+    if (vchSalt.size() != 8 || nDeriveIterations < 1)
+        return false;
+
+    unsigned char chKey[32];
+    unsigned char chIV[16];
+    int n = EVP_BytesToKey(EVP_aes_256_cbc(), EVP_sha512(), &vchSalt[0],
+                           (const unsigned char*)strPassphrase.data(),
+                           (int)strPassphrase.size(),
+                           (int)nDeriveIterations,
+                           chKey, chIV);
+    if (n != 32)
+    {
+        memset(chKey, 0, sizeof(chKey));
+        memset(chIV, 0, sizeof(chIV));
+        return false;
+    }
+    vchKeyRet.assign(chKey, chKey + sizeof(chKey));
+    vchIVRet.assign(chIV, chIV + sizeof(chIV));
+    memset(chKey, 0, sizeof(chKey));
+    memset(chIV, 0, sizeof(chIV));
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool EncryptSecret(const CKeyingMaterial& vchKey,
+                   const vector<unsigned char>& vchPlaintext,
+                   const vector<unsigned char>& vchIV,
+                   vector<unsigned char>& vchCiphertextRet)
+{
+    vchCiphertextRet.clear();
+    if (vchKey.size() != 32 || vchIV.size() != 16)
+        return false;
+
+    EVP_CIPHER_CTX* ctx = EVP_CIPHER_CTX_new();
+    if (!ctx)
+        return false;
+
+    bool fOk = false;
+    int nLen = 0;
+    int nFinal = 0;
+    vector<unsigned char> vchOut(vchPlaintext.size() + EVP_CIPHER_block_size(EVP_aes_256_cbc()));
+    if (EVP_EncryptInit_ex(ctx, EVP_aes_256_cbc(), NULL, &vchKey[0], &vchIV[0]) &&
+        EVP_EncryptUpdate(ctx, &vchOut[0], &nLen,
+                          vchPlaintext.empty() ? NULL : &vchPlaintext[0],
+                          (int)vchPlaintext.size()) &&
+        EVP_EncryptFinal_ex(ctx, &vchOut[0] + nLen, &nFinal))
+    {
+        vchOut.resize(nLen + nFinal);
+        vchCiphertextRet.swap(vchOut);
+        fOk = true;
+    }
+    EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx);
+    return fOk;
+}
+
+bool DecryptSecret(const CKeyingMaterial& vchKey,
+                   const vector<unsigned char>& vchCiphertext,
+                   const vector<unsigned char>& vchIV,
+                   vector<unsigned char>& vchPlaintextRet)
+{
+    vchPlaintextRet.clear();
+    if (vchKey.size() != 32 || vchIV.size() != 16 || vchCiphertext.empty())
+        return false;
+
+    EVP_CIPHER_CTX* ctx = EVP_CIPHER_CTX_new();
+    if (!ctx)
+        return false;
+
+    bool fOk = false;
+    int nLen = 0;
+    int nFinal = 0;
+    vector<unsigned char> vchOut(vchCiphertext.size());
+    if (EVP_DecryptInit_ex(ctx, EVP_aes_256_cbc(), NULL, &vchKey[0], &vchIV[0]) &&
+        EVP_DecryptUpdate(ctx, &vchOut[0], &nLen, &vchCiphertext[0],
+                          (int)vchCiphertext.size()) &&
+        EVP_DecryptFinal_ex(ctx, &vchOut[0] + nLen, &nFinal))
+    {
+        vchOut.resize(nLen + nFinal);
+        vchPlaintextRet.swap(vchOut);
+        fOk = true;
+    }
+    EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx);
+    return fOk;
+}
+
+vector<unsigned char> WalletKeyIV(const vector<unsigned char>& vchPubKey)
+{
+    uint256 hash = Hash(vchPubKey.begin(), vchPubKey.end());
+    vector<unsigned char> vchIV(16);
+    memcpy(&vchIV[0], hash.begin(), vchIV.size());
+    return vchIV;
+}
+
+vector<unsigned char> WalletSecretIV(const string& strLabel)
+{
+    uint256 hash = Hash(strLabel.begin(), strLabel.end());
+    vector<unsigned char> vchIV(16);
+    memcpy(&vchIV[0], hash.begin(), vchIV.size());
+    return vchIV;
+}
+
+bool AddCryptedKey(const vector<unsigned char>& vchPubKey,
+                   const vector<unsigned char>& vchCryptedSecret)
+{
+    if (vchPubKey.empty() || vchCryptedSecret.empty())
+        return false;
+    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapKeys)
+    {
+        fWalletEncrypted = true;
+        mapCryptedKeys[vchPubKey] = vchCryptedSecret;
+        mapPubKeys[Hash160(vchPubKey)] = vchPubKey;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool WalletCanSpendKey(const vector<unsigned char>& vchPubKey)
+{
+    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapKeys)
+        return mapKeys.count(vchPubKey) > 0 || mapCryptedKeys.count(vchPubKey) > 0;
+    return false;
+}
+
+bool GetWalletPrivKey(const vector<unsigned char>& vchPubKey,
+                      CPrivKey& vchPrivKeyRet,
+                      string& strErrorRet)
+{
+    vchPrivKeyRet.clear();
+    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapKeys)
+    {
+        map<vector<unsigned char>, CPrivKey>::iterator mi = mapKeys.find(vchPubKey);
+        if (mi != mapKeys.end())
+        {
+            vchPrivKeyRet = (*mi).second;
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        map<vector<unsigned char>, vector<unsigned char> >::iterator mci = mapCryptedKeys.find(vchPubKey);
+        if (mci == mapCryptedKeys.end())
+        {
+            strErrorRet = "private key not found";
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (IsWalletLocked())
+        {
+            strErrorRet = "wallet is locked";
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        vector<unsigned char> vchPlaintext;
+        if (!DecryptSecret(vWalletMasterKey, (*mci).second, WalletKeyIV(vchPubKey), vchPlaintext))
+        {
+            strErrorRet = "could not decrypt private key";
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        CPrivKey vchPrivKey(vchPlaintext.begin(), vchPlaintext.end());
+        CKey key;
+        if (!key.SetPrivKey(vchPrivKey) || key.GetPubKey() != vchPubKey)
+        {
+            strErrorRet = "decrypted private key does not match its public key";
+            return false;
+        }
+        vchPrivKeyRet = vchPrivKey;
+        return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+bool UnlockWallet(const string& strPassphrase, string& strErrorRet)
+{
+    strErrorRet.clear();
+    if (!IsWalletEncrypted())
+        return true;
+
+    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapKeys)
+    {
+        for (map<unsigned int, CWalletMasterKey>::iterator mi = mapMasterKeys.begin();
+             mi != mapMasterKeys.end(); ++mi)
+        {
+            const CWalletMasterKey& kMasterKey = (*mi).second;
+            CKeyingMaterial vchPassKey;
+            vector<unsigned char> vchPassIV;
+            if (!DeriveWalletPassphraseKey(strPassphrase, kMasterKey.vchSalt,
+                                           kMasterKey.nDeriveIterations,
+                                           vchPassKey, vchPassIV))
+                continue;
+
+            vector<unsigned char> vchMasterPlain;
+            if (!DecryptSecret(vchPassKey, kMasterKey.vchCryptedKey,
+                               vchPassIV, vchMasterPlain))
+                continue;
+            if (vchMasterPlain.size() != 32)
+                continue;
+
+            CKeyingMaterial vchCandidate(vchMasterPlain.begin(), vchMasterPlain.end());
+            bool fValid = mapCryptedKeys.empty();
+            for (map<vector<unsigned char>, vector<unsigned char> >::iterator mci = mapCryptedKeys.begin();
+                 mci != mapCryptedKeys.end(); ++mci)
+            {
+                vector<unsigned char> vchPlaintext;
+                if (!DecryptSecret(vchCandidate, (*mci).second, WalletKeyIV((*mci).first), vchPlaintext))
+                    break;
+                CPrivKey vchPrivKey(vchPlaintext.begin(), vchPlaintext.end());
+                CKey key;
+                if (key.SetPrivKey(vchPrivKey) && key.GetPubKey() == (*mci).first)
+                    fValid = true;
+                break;
+            }
+            if (fValid)
+            {
+                vWalletMasterKey = vchCandidate;
+                if (!vchCryptedHDMaster.empty())
+                {
+                    vector<unsigned char> vchPlainHDMaster;
+                    if (!DecryptSecret(vWalletMasterKey, vchCryptedHDMaster,
+                                       WalletSecretIV("hdmaster"), vchPlainHDMaster) ||
+                        vchPlainHDMaster.size() != 32)
+                    {
+                        strErrorRet = "could not decrypt HD master key";
+                        return false;
+                    }
+                    vchHDMaster = vchPlainHDMaster;
+                }
+                if (!vchCryptedHDChainCode.empty())
+                {
+                    vector<unsigned char> vchPlainHDChainCode;
+                    if (!DecryptSecret(vWalletMasterKey, vchCryptedHDChainCode,
+                                       WalletSecretIV("hdchaincode"), vchPlainHDChainCode) ||
+                        vchPlainHDChainCode.size() != 32)
+                    {
+                        strErrorRet = "could not decrypt HD chain code";
+                        return false;
+                    }
+                    vchHDChainCode = vchPlainHDChainCode;
+                }
+                fWalletLocked = false;
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    strErrorRet = "passphrase did not unlock the wallet";
+    return false;
+}
+
+static bool WalletAlreadyHasKey(const vector<unsigned char>& vchPubKey)
+{
+    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapKeys)
+        return mapKeys.count(vchPubKey) > 0 || mapCryptedKeys.count(vchPubKey) > 0;
+    return false;
+}
+
+static bool AddKeyIfMissing(const CKey& key)
+{
+    if (WalletAlreadyHasKey(key.GetPubKey()))
+        return true;
+    return AddKey(key);
+}
+
+static bool DeriveNextHDReceiveKey(vector<unsigned char>& vchPubKeyRet, string& strErrorRet)
+{
+    vchPubKeyRet.clear();
+    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_keyPool)
+    {
+        if (!HaveHDSeed())
+        {
+            strErrorRet = "no seed";
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        CKey key;
+        unsigned int nIndex = 0;
+        if (nHDKeySchema == HD_SCHEMA_BIP44)
+            nIndex = nHDReceiveNext;
+        else
+            nIndex = nHDNext;
+        if (!DeriveHDKey(nIndex, key, strErrorRet))
+            return false;
+        if (!AddKeyIfMissing(key))
+        {
+            strErrorRet = "could not write the derived key to wallet.dat";
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        unsigned int nNext = nIndex + 1;
+        if (nHDKeySchema == HD_SCHEMA_BIP44)
+        {
+            if (!CWalletDB().WriteHDReceiveNext(nNext))
+            {
+                strErrorRet = "could not advance the receive derivation counter";
+                return false;
+            }
+            nHDReceiveNext = nNext;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            if (!CWalletDB().WriteHDNext(nNext))
+            {
+                strErrorRet = "could not advance the derivation counter";
+                return false;
+            }
+            nHDNext = nNext;
+        }
+
+        vchPubKeyRet = key.GetPubKey();
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+static bool DeriveNextHDChangeKey(vector<unsigned char>& vchPubKeyRet, string& strErrorRet)
+{
+    vchPubKeyRet.clear();
+    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_keyPool)
+    {
+        if (!HaveHDSeed())
+        {
+            strErrorRet = "no seed";
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        CKey key;
+        if (nHDKeySchema == HD_SCHEMA_BIP44)
+        {
+            if (!DeriveHDChangeKey(nHDChangeNext, key, strErrorRet))
+                return false;
+            if (!AddKeyIfMissing(key))
+            {
+                strErrorRet = "could not write the derived change key to wallet.dat";
+                return false;
+            }
+            unsigned int nNext = nHDChangeNext + 1;
+            if (!CWalletDB().WriteHDChangeNext(nNext))
+            {
+                strErrorRet = "could not advance the change derivation counter";
+                return false;
+            }
+            nHDChangeNext = nNext;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            if (!DeriveHDKey(nHDNext, key, strErrorRet))
+                return false;
+            if (!AddKeyIfMissing(key))
+            {
+                strErrorRet = "could not write the derived change key to wallet.dat";
+                return false;
+            }
+            unsigned int nNext = nHDNext + 1;
+            if (!CWalletDB().WriteHDNext(nNext))
+            {
+                strErrorRet = "could not advance the derivation counter";
+                return false;
+            }
+            nHDNext = nNext;
+        }
+        vchPubKeyRet = key.GetPubKey();
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+vector<unsigned char> GenerateNewKey()
+{
+    CKey key;
+    key.MakeNewKey();
+    if (!AddKey(key))
+        throw runtime_error("GenerateNewKey() : AddKey failed\n");
+    return key.GetPubKey();
+}
+
+CCriticalSection cs_keyPool;
+map<int64, vector<unsigned char> > mapKeyPool;
+
+vector<unsigned char> vchHDMaster;
+vector<unsigned char> vchHDChainCode;
+unsigned int nHDNext = 0;
+int nHDKeySchema = HD_SCHEMA_NONE;
+unsigned int nHDReceiveNext = 0;
+unsigned int nHDChangeNext = 0;
+unsigned int nHDCoinType = HD_BIP44_COIN_TYPE_BITFLASH_PROVISIONAL;
+
+string HDKeySchemaName(int nSchema)
+{
+    if (nSchema == HD_SCHEMA_LEGACY)
+        return "legacy-hd";
+    if (nSchema == HD_SCHEMA_BIP44)
+        return "bip44";
+    return "none";
+}
+
+std::vector<unsigned int> HDLegacyPath(unsigned int nIndex)
+{
+    std::vector<unsigned int> path;
+    path.push_back(nIndex | bitflash::BIP32_HARDENED);
+    return path;
+}
+
+std::vector<unsigned int> HDBIP44Path(unsigned int nCoinType,
+                                      unsigned int nAccount,
+                                      unsigned int nChain,
+                                      unsigned int nIndex)
+{
+    std::vector<unsigned int> path;
+    path.push_back(HD_BIP44_PURPOSE | bitflash::BIP32_HARDENED);
+    path.push_back(nCoinType | bitflash::BIP32_HARDENED);
+    path.push_back(nAccount | bitflash::BIP32_HARDENED);
+    path.push_back(nChain);
+    path.push_back(nIndex);
+    return path;
+}
+
+static bool ClearKeyPoolRecords(string& strErrorRet)
+{
+    CWalletDB walletdb;
+    for (map<int64, vector<unsigned char> >::const_iterator mi = mapKeyPool.begin();
+         mi != mapKeyPool.end(); ++mi)
+    {
+        if (!walletdb.ErasePool(mi->first))
+        {
+            strErrorRet = strprintf("could not clear old key-pool entry %lld",
+                                    (long long)mi->first);
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+    mapKeyPool.clear();
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool DeriveHDKey(unsigned int nIndex, CKey& keyRet, string& strErrorRet)
+{
+    if (!HaveHDSeed())
+    {
+        strErrorRet = "no seed";
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (nIndex >= bitflash::BIP32_HARDENED)
+    {
+        strErrorRet = "child index must be non-hardened; hardening is applied here";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    bitflash::BIP32PrivateNode parent;
+    parent.privateKey = vchHDMaster;
+    parent.chainCode  = vchHDChainCode;
+
+    bitflash::BIP32PrivateNode child;
+    std::vector<unsigned int> path = nHDKeySchema == HD_SCHEMA_BIP44
+        ? HDBIP44Path(nHDCoinType, HD_BIP44_ACCOUNT, HD_BIP44_CHAIN_RECEIVE, nIndex)
+        : HDLegacyPath(nIndex);
+    if (!bitflash::BIP32DerivePath(parent, path, child, strErrorRet))
+        return false;
+
+    if (!keyRet.SetSecret(child.privateKey))
+    {
+        strErrorRet = "derived scalar is not a usable key";
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool DeriveHDChangeKey(unsigned int nIndex, CKey& keyRet, string& strErrorRet)
+{
+    if (!HaveHDSeed())
+    {
+        strErrorRet = "no seed";
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (nIndex >= bitflash::BIP32_HARDENED)
+    {
+        strErrorRet = "child index must be non-hardened; hardening is applied here";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    if (nHDKeySchema != HD_SCHEMA_BIP44)
+        return DeriveHDKey(nIndex, keyRet, strErrorRet);
+
+    bitflash::BIP32PrivateNode parent;
+    parent.privateKey = vchHDMaster;
+    parent.chainCode  = vchHDChainCode;
+
+    bitflash::BIP32PrivateNode child;
+    if (!bitflash::BIP32DerivePath(parent,
+                                   HDBIP44Path(nHDCoinType,
+                                               HD_BIP44_ACCOUNT,
+                                               HD_BIP44_CHAIN_CHANGE,
+                                               nIndex),
+                                   child,
+                                   strErrorRet))
+        return false;
+
+    if (!keyRet.SetSecret(child.privateKey))
+    {
+        strErrorRet = "derived scalar is not a usable key";
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool SetHDSeedFromMnemonic(const string& strMnemonic, string& strErrorRet)
+{
+    string strNormalized;
+    if (!bitflash::BIP39ValidateMnemonic(strMnemonic, strNormalized, strErrorRet))
+        return false;
+
+    vector<unsigned char> vchSeed;
+    if (!bitflash::BIP39MnemonicToSeed(strNormalized, "", vchSeed, strErrorRet))
+        return false;
+
+    bitflash::BIP32PrivateNode master;
+    if (!bitflash::BIP32MasterFromSeed(vchSeed, master, strErrorRet))
+        return false;
+
+    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_keyPool)
+    {
+        // The pool is cleared before the seed is written, and the order is the
+        // safe one of the two. Old private keys stay in wallet.dat either way;
+        // what is at stake is which half-finished state a failure can leave.
+        //
+        //   clear, then write -- a failed write leaves the old seed and an
+        //   empty pool. TopUpKeyPool refills it, and nothing was promised to
+        //   anybody.
+        //
+        //   write, then clear -- a failed clear leaves a seed installed and the
+        //   old random pool intact. The user has just been shown twelve words
+        //   and the wallet goes on handing out addresses those words cannot
+        //   reproduce. That is the bug this function exists to prevent.
+        //
+        // An earlier comment here said the seed was written first so a failure
+        // left the wallet untouched. That was true of the seed alone and stops
+        // being true once the pool has to move with it.
+        if (!ClearKeyPoolRecords(strErrorRet))
+            return false;
+
+        if (!CWalletDB().WriteHDMaster(master.privateKey, master.chainCode) ||
+            !CWalletDB().WriteHDSchema(HD_SCHEMA_BIP44) ||
+            !CWalletDB().WriteHDCoinType(HD_BIP44_COIN_TYPE_BITFLASH_PROVISIONAL) ||
+            !CWalletDB().WriteHDNext(0) ||
+            !CWalletDB().WriteHDReceiveNext(1) ||
+            !CWalletDB().WriteHDChangeNext(0))
+        {
+            strErrorRet = "could not write the seed metadata to wallet.dat";
+            return false;
+        }
+        vchHDMaster    = master.privateKey;
+        vchHDChainCode = master.chainCode;
+        nHDKeySchema   = HD_SCHEMA_BIP44;
+        nHDReceiveNext = 1;
+        nHDChangeNext  = 0;
+        nHDCoinType    = HD_BIP44_COIN_TYPE_BITFLASH_PROVISIONAL;
+
+        // Index 0 is spoken for before it is derived, so a failure below cannot
+        // leave the pool free to hand it out as an ordinary key. The cost of
+        // the counter being ahead of the derivation is one unused index; the
+        // cost of the reverse is the default address and a pool key sharing a
+        // derivation path.
+        nHDNext = 0;
+
+        // Remember which address stops being the default, so it can be named
+        // for what it is. Two entries reading "Your Address" -- one covered by
+        // the phrase and one not -- is the wrong thing to find at the moment a
+        // person has just written twelve words down.
+        vector<unsigned char> vchOldDefault = keyUser.GetPubKey();
+
+        CKey key;
+        if (!DeriveHDKey(0, key, strErrorRet))
+            return false;
+        if (!AddKeyIfMissing(key))
+        {
+            strErrorRet = "could not write the default derived key to wallet.dat";
+            return false;
+        }
+        vector<unsigned char> vchPubKey = key.GetPubKey();
+        if (!CWalletDB().WriteDefaultKey(vchPubKey) ||
+            !SetAddressBookName(PubKeyToAddress(vchPubKey), "Your Address"))
+        {
+            strErrorRet = "could not set the default derived receiving key";
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (!vchOldDefault.empty() && vchOldDefault != vchPubKey)
+            SetAddressBookName(PubKeyToAddress(vchOldDefault),
+                               "Your Address (created before the recovery phrase)");
+        keyUser = key;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+void TopUpKeyPool()
+{
+    if (IsWalletLocked())
+    {
+        printf("TopUpKeyPool() : wallet is encrypted and locked\n");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_keyPool)
+    {
+        while ((int)mapKeyPool.size() < KEYPOOL_SIZE)
+        {
+            // Indices only ever go up. Reusing one would mean two pool records
+            // racing for the same slot after an erase.
+            int64 nIndex = 1;
+            if (!mapKeyPool.empty())
+                nIndex = (--mapKeyPool.end())->first + 1;
+
+            CKey key;
+            if (HaveHDSeed())
+            {
+                // Derived, so a recovery phrase can reproduce this exact key.
+                // A derivation that fails is not a reason to stop filling the
+                // pool -- fall back to a random key, which is what a wallet
+                // without a seed uses anyway. It will not come back from the
+                // phrase, and that is better than a node that cannot mine.
+                string strError;
+                vector<unsigned char> vchPubKey;
+                if (DeriveNextHDReceiveKey(vchPubKey, strError))
+                {
+                    if (!CWalletDB().WritePool(nIndex, vchPubKey))
+                        return;
+                    mapKeyPool[nIndex] = vchPubKey;
+                    continue;
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    printf("TopUpKeyPool() : receive derivation failed (%s), "
+                           "falling back to a random key\n", strError.c_str());
+                    key.MakeNewKey();
+                }
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                key.MakeNewKey();
+            }
+            // AddKey writes the private key. Order matters: the key is in
+            // wallet.dat before anything can point at it, so a crash between
+            // the two writes costs an unused key, never a usable one.
+            if (!AddKeyIfMissing(key))
+                return;
+            vector<unsigned char> vchPubKey = key.GetPubKey();
+            if (!CWalletDB().WritePool(nIndex, vchPubKey))
+                return;
+            mapKeyPool[nIndex] = vchPubKey;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+vector<unsigned char> GetKeyFromPool()
+{
+    if (IsWalletLocked())
+    {
+        printf("GetKeyFromPool() : wallet is encrypted and locked\n");
+        return vector<unsigned char>();
+    }
+
+    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_keyPool)
+    {
+        TopUpKeyPool();
+        if (!mapKeyPool.empty())
+        {
+            map<int64, vector<unsigned char> >::iterator mi = mapKeyPool.begin();
+            int64 nIndex = mi->first;
+            vector<unsigned char> vchPubKey = mi->second;
+            mapKeyPool.erase(mi);
+            CWalletDB().ErasePool(nIndex);
+            // Leave the wallet with a full backup window after each draw too,
+            // not only immediately before a draw. If topping up fails, the key
+            // already chosen is still safe to use -- its private half was
+            // written before it entered the pool.
+            TopUpKeyPool();
+            return vchPubKey;
+        }
+    }
+    // Nothing in the pool and nothing could be added -- disk full, wallet
+    // locked open elsewhere. Generating on demand is what this code did for
+    // its whole life, so fall back to it rather than refuse to mine.
+    printf("GetKeyFromPool() : pool empty, generating a key on demand\n");
+    try
+    {
+        return GenerateNewKey();
+    }
+    catch (const std::exception& e)
+    {
+        printf("GetKeyFromPool() : failed to generate a key: %s\n", e.what());
+        return vector<unsigned char>();
+    }
+}
+
+
+
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+// mapWallet
+//
+
+bool AddToWallet(const CWalletTx& wtxIn)
+{
+    uint256 hash = wtxIn.GetHash();
+    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapWallet)
+    {
+        // Inserts only if not already there, returns tx inserted or tx found
+        pair<map<uint256, CWalletTx>::iterator, bool> ret = mapWallet.insert(make_pair(hash, wtxIn));
+        CWalletTx& wtx = (*ret.first).second;
+        bool fInsertedNew = ret.second;
+        if (fInsertedNew)
+            wtx.nTimeReceived = GetAdjustedTime();
+
+        //// debug print
+        if (LogAcceptsCategory("net")) printf("AddToWallet %s  %s\n", wtxIn.GetHash().ToString().substr(0,6).c_str(), fInsertedNew ? "new" : "update");
+
+        if (!fInsertedNew)
+        {
+            // Merge
+            bool fUpdated = false;
+            if (wtxIn.hashBlock != 0 && wtxIn.hashBlock != wtx.hashBlock)
+            {
+                wtx.hashBlock = wtxIn.hashBlock;
+                fUpdated = true;
+            }
+            if (wtxIn.nIndex != -1 && (wtxIn.vMerkleBranch != wtx.vMerkleBranch || wtxIn.nIndex != wtx.nIndex))
+            {
+                wtx.vMerkleBranch = wtxIn.vMerkleBranch;
+                wtx.nIndex = wtxIn.nIndex;
+                fUpdated = true;
+            }
+            if (wtxIn.fFromMe && wtxIn.fFromMe != wtx.fFromMe)
+            {
+                wtx.fFromMe = wtxIn.fFromMe;
+                fUpdated = true;
+            }
+            if (wtxIn.fSpent && wtxIn.fSpent != wtx.fSpent)
+            {
+                wtx.fSpent = wtxIn.fSpent;
+                fUpdated = true;
+            }
+            if (!fUpdated)
+                return true;
+        }
+
+        // Write to disk
+        if (!wtx.WriteToDisk())
+            return false;
+
+        // Notify UI
+        vWalletUpdated.push_back(make_pair(hash, fInsertedNew));
+    }
+
+    // Refresh UI
+    MainFrameRepaint();
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool AddToWalletIfMine(const CTransaction& tx, const CBlock* pblock)
+{
+    if (tx.IsMine() || mapWallet.count(tx.GetHash()))
+    {
+        CWalletTx wtx(tx);
+        // Get merkle branch if transaction was found in a block
+        if (pblock)
+            wtx.SetMerkleBranch(pblock);
+        return AddToWallet(wtx);
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool CanScanWalletTransactions(string& strErrorRet)
+{
+    strErrorRet.clear();
+
+    if (pindexGenesisBlock == NULL || pindexBest == NULL || hashBestChain == 0 || nBestHeight < 0)
+    {
+        strErrorRet = "The block index is not loaded, so the wallet scan cannot "
+                      "prove whether imported or restored keys own coins.";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    if (nBestHeight == 0)
+    {
+        strErrorRet = "The local chain is only at height 0. A wallet scan would "
+                      "inspect only the genesis block and could incorrectly "
+                      "report zero transactions. Start the node and let it sync "
+                      "before scanning. If this happened after copying a data "
+                      "directory, keep wallet.dat safe and rebuild or re-download "
+                      "the block data instead of trusting the copied database/ "
+                      "environment.";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+int ScanForWalletTransactions(CBlockIndex* pindexStart)
+{
+    // Walk the chain looking for transactions that belong to keys this wallet
+    // holds now, whatever it held when those blocks arrived.
+    //
+    // Nothing in this tree could do that. A key added after the fact -- from
+    // /importwallet, or from a backup restored onto a node that had since
+    // moved on -- was simply invisible: the coins were on the chain, the
+    // private key was in wallet.dat, and the balance did not show them,
+    // because a transaction only ever entered the wallet at the moment its
+    // block arrived over the network.
+    //
+    // Bitcoin grew the same function for the same reason. It is also what any
+    // recovery-phrase feature has to stand on: deriving the keys is the easy
+    // half, and without this the other half does not exist.
+    int nFound = 0;
+    int nScanned = 0;
+    CBlockIndex* pindex = pindexStart;
+    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_main)
+    {
+        while (pindex)
+        {
+            CBlock block;
+            if (block.ReadFromDisk(pindex, true))
+            {
+                foreach(CTransaction& tx, block.vtx)
+                {
+                    // Ask before handing it over: AddToWalletIfMine returns
+                    // true for a transaction that is none of our business, so
+                    // its return value cannot be counted.
+                    if (tx.IsMine())
+                    {
+                        if (AddToWalletIfMine(tx, &block))
+                            nFound++;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            nScanned++;
+            if ((nScanned % 500) == 0)
+                printf("ScanForWalletTransactions() : %d blocks scanned, %d transaction(s) found\n",
+                       nScanned, nFound);
+            pindex = pindex->pnext;
+        }
+    }
+    printf("ScanForWalletTransactions() : %d block(s) scanned, %d transaction(s) added or updated\n",
+           nScanned, nFound);
+    return nFound;
+}
+
+bool EraseFromWallet(uint256 hash)
+{
+    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapWallet)
+    {
+        if (mapWallet.erase(hash))
+            CWalletDB().EraseTx(hash);
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+// mapOrphanTransactions
+//
+
+void AddOrphanTx(const CDataStream& vMsg)
+{
+    CTransaction tx;
+    CDataStream(vMsg) >> tx;
+    uint256 hash = tx.GetHash();
+    if (mapOrphanTransactions.count(hash))
+        return;
+
+    // Do not allow an orphan to have an unbounded number of inputs.
+    // 10,000 inputs is enough for massive legitimate sweeps, but bounds the total
+    // memory in mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev to ~10,000 * MAX_ORPHAN_TRANSACTIONS.
+    if (tx.vin.size() > 10000)
+    {
+        if (LogAcceptsCategory("net")) printf("AddOrphanTx() : orphan with %d inputs rejected\n", (int)tx.vin.size());
+        return;
+    }
+
+    CDataStream* pvMsg = mapOrphanTransactions[hash] = new CDataStream(vMsg);
+    foreach(const CTxIn& txin, tx.vin)
+        mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev.insert(make_pair(txin.prevout.hash, pvMsg));
+    LimitOrphanTx(MAX_ORPHAN_TRANSACTIONS);
+}
+
+// Orphans cost nothing to create -- a transaction naming a parent that does
+// not exist is never validated, just held -- so without a ceiling any peer can
+// grow this map until the node runs out of memory. Evict at random rather than
+// in map order, so an attacker cannot keep its own orphans resident by
+// choosing hashes that sort low.
+// Drop orphan blocks at random until we are back under the ceiling.
+//
+// Random rather than oldest-first, matching LimitOrphanTx below: there is no
+// arrival order recorded, and an attacker who knew the eviction rule could aim
+// at it. Dropping one costs nothing that matters -- if its parent ever shows
+// up, the block is requested again like any other.
+//
+// Both maps have to be kept in step, and the CBlock itself has to be deleted:
+// mapOrphanBlocks owns it.
+void LimitOrphanBlocks(unsigned int nMaxOrphans)
+{
+    while (mapOrphanBlocks.size() > nMaxOrphans)
+    {
+        uint256 randomhash;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
+            ((uint64*)&randomhash)[i] = GetRand(_UI64_MAX);
+        map<uint256, CBlock*>::iterator it = mapOrphanBlocks.lower_bound(randomhash);
+        if (it == mapOrphanBlocks.end())
+            it = mapOrphanBlocks.begin();
+
+        CBlock* pblock = it->second;
+        uint256 hashPrev = pblock->hashPrevBlock;
+
+        for (multimap<uint256, CBlock*>::iterator mi = mapOrphanBlocksByPrev.lower_bound(hashPrev);
+             mi != mapOrphanBlocksByPrev.upper_bound(hashPrev);)
+        {
+            if (mi->second == pblock)
+                mapOrphanBlocksByPrev.erase(mi++);
+            else
+                ++mi;
+        }
+
+        mapOrphanBlocks.erase(it);
+        delete pblock;
+    }
+}
+
+void LimitOrphanTx(unsigned int nMaxOrphans)
+{
+    while (mapOrphanTransactions.size() > nMaxOrphans)
+    {
+        uint256 randomhash;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
+            ((uint64*)&randomhash)[i] = GetRand(_UI64_MAX);
+        map<uint256, CDataStream*>::iterator it = mapOrphanTransactions.lower_bound(randomhash);
+        if (it == mapOrphanTransactions.end())
+            it = mapOrphanTransactions.begin();
+        EraseOrphanTx(it->first);
+    }
+}
+
+void EraseOrphanTx(uint256 hash)
+{
+    if (!mapOrphanTransactions.count(hash))
+        return;
+    const CDataStream* pvMsg = mapOrphanTransactions[hash];
+    CTransaction tx;
+    CDataStream(*pvMsg) >> tx;
+    foreach(const CTxIn& txin, tx.vin)
+    {
+        for (multimap<uint256, CDataStream*>::iterator mi = mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev.lower_bound(txin.prevout.hash);
+             mi != mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev.upper_bound(txin.prevout.hash);)
+        {
+            if ((*mi).second == pvMsg)
+                mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev.erase(mi++);
+            else
+                mi++;
+        }
+    }
+    delete pvMsg;
+    mapOrphanTransactions.erase(hash);
+}
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+// CTransaction
+//
+
+bool CTxIn::IsMine() const
+{
+    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapWallet)
+    {
+        map<uint256, CWalletTx>::iterator mi = mapWallet.find(prevout.hash);
+        if (mi != mapWallet.end())
+        {
+            const CWalletTx& prev = (*mi).second;
+            if (prevout.n < prev.vout.size())
+                if (prev.vout[prevout.n].IsMine())
+                    return true;
+        }
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+int64 CTxIn::GetDebit() const
+{
+    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapWallet)
+    {
+        map<uint256, CWalletTx>::iterator mi = mapWallet.find(prevout.hash);
+        if (mi != mapWallet.end())
+        {
+            const CWalletTx& prev = (*mi).second;
+            if (prevout.n < prev.vout.size())
+                if (prev.vout[prevout.n].IsMine())
+                    return prev.vout[prevout.n].nValue;
+        }
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int64 CWalletTx::GetTxTime() const
+{
+    if (!fTimeReceivedIsTxTime && hashBlock != 0)
+    {
+        // If we did not receive the transaction directly, we rely on the block's
+        // time to figure out when it happened.  We use the median over a range
+        // of blocks to try to filter out inaccurate block times.
+        map<uint256, CBlockIndex*>::iterator mi = mapBlockIndex.find(hashBlock);
+        if (mi != mapBlockIndex.end())
+        {
+            CBlockIndex* pindex = (*mi).second;
+            if (pindex)
+                return pindex->GetMedianTime();
+        }
+    }
+    return nTimeReceived;
+}
+
+
+
+
+
+
+int CMerkleTx::SetMerkleBranch(const CBlock* pblock)
+{
+    if (fClient)
+    {
+        if (hashBlock == 0)
+            return 0;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        CBlock blockTmp;
+        if (pblock == NULL)
+        {
+            // Load the block this tx is in
+            CTxIndex txindex;
+            if (!CTxDB("r").ReadTxIndex(GetHash(), txindex))
+                return 0;
+            if (!blockTmp.ReadFromDisk(txindex.pos.nFile, txindex.pos.nBlockPos, true))
+                return 0;
+            pblock = &blockTmp;
+        }
+
+        // Update the tx's hashBlock
+        hashBlock = pblock->GetHash();
+
+        // Locate the transaction
+        for (nIndex = 0; nIndex < pblock->vtx.size(); nIndex++)
+            if (pblock->vtx[nIndex] == *(CTransaction*)this)
+                break;
+        if (nIndex == pblock->vtx.size())
+        {
+            vMerkleBranch.clear();
+            nIndex = -1;
+            if (LogAcceptsCategory("net")) printf("ERROR: SetMerkleBranch() : couldn't find tx in block\n");
+            return 0;
+        }
+
+        // Fill in merkle branch
+        vMerkleBranch = pblock->GetMerkleBranch(nIndex);
+    }
+
+    // Is the tx in a block that's in the main chain
+    map<uint256, CBlockIndex*>::iterator mi = mapBlockIndex.find(hashBlock);
+    if (mi == mapBlockIndex.end())
+        return 0;
+    CBlockIndex* pindex = (*mi).second;
+    if (!pindex || !pindex->IsInMainChain())
+        return 0;
+
+    return pindexBest->nHeight - pindex->nHeight + 1;
+}
+
+
+
+void CWalletTx::AddSupportingTransactions(CTxDB& txdb)
+{
+    vtxPrev.clear();
+
+    const int COPY_DEPTH = 3;
+    if (SetMerkleBranch() < COPY_DEPTH)
+    {
+        vector<uint256> vWorkQueue;
+        foreach(const CTxIn& txin, vin)
+            vWorkQueue.push_back(txin.prevout.hash);
+
+        // This critsect is OK because txdb is already open
+        CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapWallet)
+        {
+            map<uint256, const CMerkleTx*> mapWalletPrev;
+            set<uint256> setAlreadyDone;
+            for (int i = 0; i < vWorkQueue.size(); i++)
+            {
+                uint256 hash = vWorkQueue[i];
+                if (setAlreadyDone.count(hash))
+                    continue;
+                setAlreadyDone.insert(hash);
+
+                CMerkleTx tx;
+                if (mapWallet.count(hash))
+                {
+                    tx = mapWallet[hash];
+                    foreach(const CMerkleTx& txWalletPrev, mapWallet[hash].vtxPrev)
+                        mapWalletPrev[txWalletPrev.GetHash()] = &txWalletPrev;
+                }
+                else if (mapWalletPrev.count(hash))
+                {
+                    tx = *mapWalletPrev[hash];
+                }
+                else if (!fClient && txdb.ReadDiskTx(hash, tx))
+                {
+                    ;
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    if (LogAcceptsCategory("net")) printf("ERROR: AddSupportingTransactions() : unsupported transaction\n");
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                int nDepth = tx.SetMerkleBranch();
+                vtxPrev.push_back(tx);
+
+                if (nDepth < COPY_DEPTH)
+                    foreach(const CTxIn& txin, tx.vin)
+                        vWorkQueue.push_back(txin.prevout.hash);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    reverse(vtxPrev.begin(), vtxPrev.end());
+}
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+bool CTransaction::AcceptTransaction(CTxDB& txdb, bool fCheckInputs, bool* pfMissingInputs)
+{
+    if (pfMissingInputs)
+        *pfMissingInputs = false;
+
+    // Coinbase is only valid in a block, not as a loose transaction
+    if (IsCoinBase())
+        return error("AcceptTransaction() : coinbase as individual tx");
+
+    if (!CheckTransaction())
+        return error("AcceptTransaction() : CheckTransaction failed");
+
+    // Do we already have it?
+    uint256 hash = GetHash();
+    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapTransactions)
+        if (mapTransactions.count(hash))
+            return false;
+    if (fCheckInputs)
+        if (txdb.ContainsTx(hash))
+            return false;
+
+    // Check for conflicts with in-memory transactions
+    CTransaction* ptxOld = NULL;
+    for (int i = 0; i < vin.size(); i++)
+    {
+        COutPoint outpoint = vin[i].prevout;
+        if (mapNextTx.count(outpoint))
+        {
+            // Allow replacing with a newer version of the same transaction
+            if (i != 0)
+                return false;
+            ptxOld = mapNextTx[outpoint].ptx;
+            if (!IsNewerThan(*ptxOld))
+                return false;
+            for (int i = 0; i < vin.size(); i++)
+            {
+                COutPoint outpoint = vin[i].prevout;
+                if (!mapNextTx.count(outpoint) || mapNextTx[outpoint].ptx != ptxOld)
+                    return false;
+            }
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Check against previous transactions
+    map<uint256, CTxIndex> mapUnused;
+    int64 nFees = 0;
+    if (fCheckInputs && !ConnectInputs(txdb, mapUnused, CDiskTxPos(1,1,1), 0, nFees, false, false))
+    {
+        if (pfMissingInputs)
+            *pfMissingInputs = true;
+        return error("AcceptTransaction() : ConnectInputs failed %s", hash.ToString().substr(0,6).c_str());
+    }
+
+    // Store transaction in memory
+    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapTransactions)
+    {
+        if (ptxOld)
+        {
+            if (LogAcceptsCategory("net")) printf("mapTransaction.erase(%s) replacing with new version\n", ptxOld->GetHash().ToString().c_str());
+            mapTransactions.erase(ptxOld->GetHash());
+        }
+        AddToMemoryPool();
+    }
+
+    ///// are we sure this is ok when loading transactions or restoring block txes
+    // If updated, erase old tx from wallet
+    if (ptxOld)
+        EraseFromWallet(ptxOld->GetHash());
+
+    if (LogAcceptsCategory("net")) printf("AcceptTransaction(): accepted %s\n", hash.ToString().substr(0,6).c_str());
+    return true;
+}
+
+
+bool CTransaction::AddToMemoryPool()
+{
+    // Add to memory pool without checking anything.  Don't call this directly,
+    // call AcceptTransaction to properly check the transaction first.
+    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapTransactions)
+    {
+        uint256 hash = GetHash();
+        mapTransactions[hash] = *this;
+        for (int i = 0; i < vin.size(); i++)
+            mapNextTx[vin[i].prevout] = CInPoint(&mapTransactions[hash], i);
+        nTransactionsUpdated++;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+
+bool CTransaction::RemoveFromMemoryPool()
+{
+    // Remove transaction from memory pool
+    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapTransactions)
+    {
+        foreach(const CTxIn& txin, vin)
+            mapNextTx.erase(txin.prevout);
+        mapTransactions.erase(GetHash());
+        nTransactionsUpdated++;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+
+
+
+
+
+int CMerkleTx::GetDepthInMainChain() const
+{
+    if (hashBlock == 0 || nIndex == -1)
+        return 0;
+
+    // Find the block it claims to be in
+    map<uint256, CBlockIndex*>::iterator mi = mapBlockIndex.find(hashBlock);
+    if (mi == mapBlockIndex.end())
+        return 0;
+    CBlockIndex* pindex = (*mi).second;
+    if (!pindex || !pindex->IsInMainChain())
+        return 0;
+
+    // Make sure the merkle branch connects to this block
+    if (!fMerkleVerified)
+    {
+        if (CBlock::CheckMerkleBranch(GetHash(), vMerkleBranch, nIndex) != pindex->hashMerkleRoot)
+            return 0;
+        fMerkleVerified = true;
+    }
+
+    return pindexBest->nHeight - pindex->nHeight + 1;
+}
+
+
+int CMerkleTx::GetBlocksToMaturity() const
+{
+    if (!IsCoinBase())
+        return 0;
+    return max(0, (COINBASE_MATURITY+20) - GetDepthInMainChain());
+}
+
+
+bool CMerkleTx::AcceptTransaction(CTxDB& txdb, bool fCheckInputs)
+{
+    if (fClient)
+    {
+        if (!IsInMainChain() && !ClientConnectInputs())
+            return false;
+        return CTransaction::AcceptTransaction(txdb, false);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        return CTransaction::AcceptTransaction(txdb, fCheckInputs);
+    }
+}
+
+
+
+bool CWalletTx::AcceptWalletTransaction(CTxDB& txdb, bool fCheckInputs)
+{
+    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapTransactions)
+    {
+        foreach(CMerkleTx& tx, vtxPrev)
+        {
+            if (!tx.IsCoinBase())
+            {
+                uint256 hash = tx.GetHash();
+                if (!mapTransactions.count(hash) && !txdb.ContainsTx(hash))
+                    tx.AcceptTransaction(txdb, fCheckInputs);
+            }
+        }
+        if (!IsCoinBase())
+            return AcceptTransaction(txdb, fCheckInputs);
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+int RescanSpentFlags()
+{
+    // Believe the chain, not the wallet, about what has already been spent.
+    //
+    // fSpent lives in wallet.dat and is written when this node spends
+    // something. A wallet.dat that was restored from backup, or copied and
+    // used on another machine, carries whatever that flag was at the moment
+    // the copy was taken -- so it can say "unspent" about coins the chain
+    // shows as gone. The balance then reads high, and the error only surfaces
+    // when a send is attempted against coins that no longer exist.
+    //
+    // Issue #47 is about this shape of problem and #40 reports living through
+    // it. Bitcoin fixed the same thing in 53d508072.
+    //
+    // One direction only. Marking spent when the chain says spent is safe;
+    // clearing the flag because the chain has not caught up yet would offer
+    // up coins that are already on their way out.
+    CTxDB txdb("r");
+    int nCorrected = 0;
+    int nExamined = 0;
+    int nAlreadySpent = 0, nNotIndexed = 0;
+    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapWallet)
+    {
+        foreach(PAIRTYPE(const uint256, CWalletTx)& item, mapWallet)
+        {
+            CWalletTx& wtx = item.second;
+            nExamined++;
+            if (wtx.fSpent)
+                { nAlreadySpent++; continue; }
+
+            CTxIndex txindex;
+            if (!txdb.ReadTxIndex(wtx.GetHash(), txindex))
+                { nNotIndexed++; continue; }
+
+            // fSpent is one flag for the whole transaction, not one per
+            // output -- CommitTransactionSpent already marks the entire
+            // previous transaction when it spends any part of it, so matching
+            // that here keeps the two consistent.
+            bool fSeenSpent = false;
+            for (int i = 0; i < (int)txindex.vSpent.size() && i < (int)wtx.vout.size(); i++)
+                if (!txindex.vSpent[i].IsNull() && wtx.vout[i].IsMine())
+                    fSeenSpent = true;
+
+            if (fSeenSpent)
+            {
+                wtx.fSpent = true;
+                wtx.WriteToDisk();
+                nCorrected++;
+                printf("RescanSpentFlags() : %s was spent on chain but the wallet did not know\n",
+                       wtx.GetHash().ToString().substr(0,10).c_str());
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    // Always say it ran. A check that reports only when it finds something is
+    // indistinguishable from a check that never executed, and this codebase has
+    // paid for that confusion more than once.
+    printf("RescanSpentFlags() : examined %d, already-spent %d, not-indexed %d, corrected %d\n",
+           nExamined, nAlreadySpent, nNotIndexed, nCorrected);
+    if (nCorrected)
+        printf("RescanSpentFlags() : this wallet was behind the chain about what it had already spent, "
+               "which is what a restored backup looks like\n");
+    return nCorrected;
+}
+
+
+void ReacceptWalletTransactions()
+{
+    // Reaccept any txes of ours that aren't already in a block
+    CTxDB txdb("r");
+    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapWallet)
+    {
+        foreach(PAIRTYPE(const uint256, CWalletTx)& item, mapWallet)
+        {
+            CWalletTx& wtx = item.second;
+            if (!wtx.IsCoinBase() && !txdb.ContainsTx(wtx.GetHash()))
+                wtx.AcceptWalletTransaction(txdb, false);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+
+void CWalletTx::RelayWalletTransaction(CTxDB& txdb)
+{
+    foreach(const CMerkleTx& tx, vtxPrev)
+    {
+        if (!tx.IsCoinBase())
+        {
+            uint256 hash = tx.GetHash();
+            if (!txdb.ContainsTx(hash))
+                RelayMessage(CInv(MSG_TX, hash), (CTransaction)tx);
+        }
+    }
+    if (!IsCoinBase())
+    {
+        uint256 hash = GetHash();
+        if (!txdb.ContainsTx(hash))
+        {
+            if (LogAcceptsCategory("net")) printf("Relaying wtx %s\n", hash.ToString().substr(0,6).c_str());
+            RelayMessage(CInv(MSG_TX, hash), (CTransaction)*this);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void RelayWalletTransactions()
+{
+    static int64 nLastTime;
+    if (GetTime() - nLastTime < 10 * 60)
+        return;
+    nLastTime = GetTime();
+
+    // Rebroadcast any of our txes that aren't in a block yet
+    if (LogAcceptsCategory("net")) printf("RelayWalletTransactions()\n");
+    CTxDB txdb("r");
+    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapWallet)
+    {
+        // Sort them in chronological order
+        multimap<unsigned int, CWalletTx*> mapSorted;
+        foreach(PAIRTYPE(const uint256, CWalletTx)& item, mapWallet)
+        {
+            CWalletTx& wtx = item.second;
+            mapSorted.insert(make_pair(wtx.nTimeReceived, &wtx));
+        }
+        foreach(PAIRTYPE(const unsigned int, CWalletTx*)& item, mapSorted)
+        {
+            CWalletTx& wtx = *item.second;
+            wtx.RelayWalletTransaction(txdb);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+// CBlock and CBlockIndex
+//
+
+bool CBlock::ReadFromDisk(const CBlockIndex* pblockindex, bool fReadTransactions)
+{
+    return ReadFromDisk(pblockindex->nFile, pblockindex->nBlockPos, fReadTransactions);
+}
+
+uint256 GetOrphanRoot(const CBlock* pblock)
+{
+    // Work back to the first block in the orphan chain
+    while (mapOrphanBlocks.count(pblock->hashPrevBlock))
+        pblock = mapOrphanBlocks[pblock->hashPrevBlock];
+    return pblock->GetHash();
+}
+
+int64 CBlock::GetBlockValue(int nHeight, int64 nFees) const
+{
+    int64 nSubsidy = 50 * COIN;
+
+    // Halve on the height of this block, never on nBestHeight. The subsidy a
+    // block is allowed to pay is a property of that block; deriving it from
+    // the validating node's own tip makes the answer depend on how far that
+    // node happens to have synced, so two nodes at different heights would
+    // disagree about the same block across a halving boundary.
+    nSubsidy >>= (nHeight / 210000);
+
+    return nSubsidy + nFees;
+}
+
+unsigned int GetNextWorkRequired(const CBlockIndex* pindexLast)
+{
+    // Bitflash: 2-minute target block time with a fast retarget (every 30
+    // blocks, ~1h) so difficulty tracks the small, volatile CPU hashrate and
+    // brief disconnections no longer spawn divergent forks.
+    const unsigned int nTargetSpacing  = 2 * 60;                    // 2 minutes
+    const unsigned int nInterval       = 30;                        // retarget window
+    const unsigned int nTargetTimespan = nInterval * nTargetSpacing; // 3600s
+
+    // Genesis block
+    if (pindexLast == NULL)
+        return bnProofOfWorkLimit.GetCompact();
+
+    // Only change once per interval
+    if ((pindexLast->nHeight+1) % nInterval != 0)
+        return pindexLast->nBits;
+
+    // Go back by what we want to be 14 days worth of blocks
+    const CBlockIndex* pindexFirst = pindexLast;
+    for (int i = 0; pindexFirst && i < nInterval-1; i++)
+        pindexFirst = pindexFirst->pprev;
+    assert(pindexFirst);
+
+    // Limit adjustment step
+    unsigned int nActualTimespan = pindexLast->nTime - pindexFirst->nTime;
+    if (LogAcceptsCategory("net")) printf("  nActualTimespan = %d  before bounds\n", nActualTimespan);
+    if (nActualTimespan < nTargetTimespan/4)
+        nActualTimespan = nTargetTimespan/4;
+    if (nActualTimespan > nTargetTimespan*4)
+        nActualTimespan = nTargetTimespan*4;
+
+    // Retarget
+    CBigNum bnNew;
+    bnNew.SetCompact(pindexLast->nBits);
+    bnNew *= nActualTimespan;
+    bnNew /= nTargetTimespan;
+
+    if (bnNew > bnProofOfWorkLimit)
+        bnNew = bnProofOfWorkLimit;
+
+    /// debug print
+    if (LogAcceptsCategory("net")) { printf("\n\n\nGetNextWorkRequired RETARGET *****\n"); printf("nTargetTimespan = %d    nActualTimespan = %d\n", nTargetTimespan, nActualTimespan); printf("Before: %08x  %s\n", pindexLast->nBits, CBigNum().SetCompact(pindexLast->nBits).getuint256().ToString().c_str()); printf("After:  %08x  %s\n", bnNew.GetCompact(), bnNew.getuint256().ToString().c_str()); }
+
+    return bnNew.GetCompact();
+}
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+bool CTransaction::DisconnectInputs(CTxDB& txdb)
+{
+    // Relinquish previous transactions' spent pointers
+    if (!IsCoinBase())
+    {
+        foreach(const CTxIn& txin, vin)
+        {
+            COutPoint prevout = txin.prevout;
+
+            // Get prev txindex from disk
+            CTxIndex txindex;
+            if (!txdb.ReadTxIndex(prevout.hash, txindex))
+                return error("DisconnectInputs() : ReadTxIndex failed");
+
+            if (prevout.n >= txindex.vSpent.size())
+                return error("DisconnectInputs() : prevout.n out of range");
+
+            // Mark outpoint as not spent
+            txindex.vSpent[prevout.n].SetNull();
+
+            // Write back
+            txdb.UpdateTxIndex(prevout.hash, txindex);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Remove transaction from index
+    if (!txdb.EraseTxIndex(*this))
+        return error("DisconnectInputs() : EraseTxPos failed");
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+
+bool CTransaction::ConnectInputs(CTxDB& txdb, map<uint256, CTxIndex>& mapTestPool, CDiskTxPos posThisTx, int nHeight, int64& nFees, bool fBlock, bool fMiner, int64 nMinFee)
+{
+    // Take over previous transactions' spent pointers
+    if (!IsCoinBase())
+    {
+        int64 nValueIn = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < vin.size(); i++)
+        {
+            COutPoint prevout = vin[i].prevout;
+
+            // Read txindex
+            CTxIndex txindex;
+            bool fFound = true;
+            if (fMiner && mapTestPool.count(prevout.hash))
+            {
+                // Get txindex from current proposed changes
+                txindex = mapTestPool[prevout.hash];
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                // Read txindex from txdb
+                fFound = txdb.ReadTxIndex(prevout.hash, txindex);
+            }
+            if (!fFound && (fBlock || fMiner))
+                return fMiner ? false : error("ConnectInputs() : %s prev tx %s index entry not found", GetHash().ToString().substr(0,6).c_str(),  prevout.hash.ToString().substr(0,6).c_str());
+
+            // Read txPrev
+            CTransaction txPrev;
+            if (!fFound || txindex.pos == CDiskTxPos(1,1,1))
+            {
+                // Get prev tx from single transactions in memory
+                CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapTransactions)
+                {
+                    if (!mapTransactions.count(prevout.hash))
+                        return error("ConnectInputs() : %s mapTransactions prev not found %s", GetHash().ToString().substr(0,6).c_str(),  prevout.hash.ToString().substr(0,6).c_str());
+                    txPrev = mapTransactions[prevout.hash];
+                }
+                if (!fFound)
+                    txindex.vSpent.resize(txPrev.vout.size());
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                // Get prev tx from disk
+                if (!txPrev.ReadFromDisk(txindex.pos))
+                    return error("ConnectInputs() : %s ReadFromDisk prev tx %s failed", GetHash().ToString().substr(0,6).c_str(),  prevout.hash.ToString().substr(0,6).c_str());
+            }
+
+            if (prevout.n >= txPrev.vout.size() || prevout.n >= txindex.vSpent.size())
+                return error("ConnectInputs() : %s prevout.n out of range %d %d %d", GetHash().ToString().substr(0,6).c_str(), prevout.n, (int)txPrev.vout.size(), (int)txindex.vSpent.size());
+
+            // If prev is coinbase, check that it's matured
+            if (txPrev.IsCoinBase())
+                for (CBlockIndex* pindex = pindexBest; pindex && nBestHeight - pindex->nHeight < COINBASE_MATURITY-1; pindex = pindex->pprev)
+                    if (pindex->nBlockPos == txindex.pos.nBlockPos && pindex->nFile == txindex.pos.nFile)
+                        return error("ConnectInputs() : tried to spend coinbase at depth %d", nBestHeight - pindex->nHeight);
+
+            // Verify signature
+            if (!VerifySignature(txPrev, *this, i))
+                return error("ConnectInputs() : %s VerifySignature failed", GetHash().ToString().substr(0,6).c_str());
+
+            // Check for conflicts
+            if (!txindex.vSpent[prevout.n].IsNull())
+                return fMiner ? false : error("ConnectInputs() : %s prev tx already used at %s", GetHash().ToString().substr(0,6).c_str(), txindex.vSpent[prevout.n].ToString().c_str());
+
+            // Mark outpoints as spent
+            txindex.vSpent[prevout.n] = posThisTx;
+
+            // Write back
+            if (fBlock)
+                txdb.UpdateTxIndex(prevout.hash, txindex);
+            else if (fMiner)
+                mapTestPool[prevout.hash] = txindex;
+
+            nValueIn += txPrev.vout[prevout.n].nValue;
+            if (!MoneyRange(txPrev.vout[prevout.n].nValue) || !MoneyRange(nValueIn))
+                return error("ConnectInputs() : txin values out of range");
+        }
+
+        // Tally transaction fees
+        int64 nTxFee = nValueIn - GetValueOut();
+        if (nTxFee < 0)
+            return error("ConnectInputs() : %s nTxFee < 0", GetHash().ToString().substr(0,6).c_str());
+        if (nTxFee < nMinFee)
+            return false;
+        nFees += nTxFee;
+        if (!MoneyRange(nFees))
+            return error("ConnectInputs() : nFees out of range");
+    }
+
+    if (fBlock)
+    {
+        // Add transaction to disk index
+        if (!txdb.AddTxIndex(*this, posThisTx, nHeight))
+            return error("ConnectInputs() : AddTxPos failed");
+    }
+    else if (fMiner)
+    {
+        // Add transaction to test pool
+        mapTestPool[GetHash()] = CTxIndex(CDiskTxPos(1,1,1), vout.size());
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+
+bool CTransaction::ClientConnectInputs()
+{
+    if (IsCoinBase())
+        return false;
+
+    // Take over previous transactions' spent pointers
+    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapTransactions)
+    {
+        int64 nValueIn = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < vin.size(); i++)
+        {
+            // Get prev tx from single transactions in memory
+            COutPoint prevout = vin[i].prevout;
+            if (!mapTransactions.count(prevout.hash))
+                return false;
+            CTransaction& txPrev = mapTransactions[prevout.hash];
+
+            if (prevout.n >= txPrev.vout.size())
+                return false;
+
+            // Verify signature
+            if (!VerifySignature(txPrev, *this, i))
+                return error("ConnectInputs() : VerifySignature failed");
+
+            ///// this is redundant with the mapNextTx stuff, not sure which I want to get rid of
+            ///// this has to go away now that posNext is gone
+            // // Check for conflicts
+            // if (!txPrev.vout[prevout.n].posNext.IsNull())
+            //     return error("ConnectInputs() : prev tx already used");
+            //
+            // // Flag outpoints as used
+            // txPrev.vout[prevout.n].posNext = posThisTx;
+
+            nValueIn += txPrev.vout[prevout.n].nValue;
+        }
+        if (GetValueOut() > nValueIn)
+            return false;
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+
+
+
+bool CBlock::DisconnectBlock(CTxDB& txdb, CBlockIndex* pindex)
+{
+    // Disconnect in reverse order
+    for (int i = vtx.size()-1; i >= 0; i--)
+        if (!vtx[i].DisconnectInputs(txdb))
+            return false;
+
+    // Update block index on disk without changing it in memory.
+    // The memory index structure will be changed after the db commits.
+    if (pindex->pprev)
+    {
+        CDiskBlockIndex blockindexPrev(pindex->pprev);
+        blockindexPrev.hashNext = 0;
+        txdb.WriteBlockIndex(blockindexPrev);
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool CBlock::ConnectBlock(CTxDB& txdb, CBlockIndex* pindex)
+{
+    //// issue here: it doesn't know the version
+    unsigned int nTxPos = pindex->nBlockPos + ::GetSerializeSize(CBlock(), SER_DISK) - 1 + GetSizeOfCompactSize(vtx.size());
+
+    map<uint256, CTxIndex> mapUnused;
+    int64 nFees = 0;
+    foreach(CTransaction& tx, vtx)
+    {
+        CDiskTxPos posThisTx(pindex->nFile, pindex->nBlockPos, nTxPos);
+        nTxPos += ::GetSerializeSize(tx, SER_DISK);
+
+        if (!tx.ConnectInputs(txdb, mapUnused, posThisTx, pindex->nHeight, nFees, true, false))
+            return false;
+    }
+
+    if (vtx[0].GetValueOut() > GetBlockValue(pindex->nHeight, nFees))
+        return false;
+
+    // Update block index on disk without changing it in memory.
+    // The memory index structure will be changed after the db commits.
+    if (pindex->pprev)
+    {
+        CDiskBlockIndex blockindexPrev(pindex->pprev);
+        blockindexPrev.hashNext = pindex->GetBlockHash();
+        txdb.WriteBlockIndex(blockindexPrev);
+    }
+
+    // Watch for transactions paying to me
+    foreach(CTransaction& tx, vtx)
+        AddToWalletIfMine(tx, this);
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+
+
+bool Reorganize(CTxDB& txdb, CBlockIndex* pindexNew)
+{
+    LogPrint("net", "*** REORGANIZE ***\n");
+
+    // Find the fork
+    CBlockIndex* pfork = pindexBest;
+    CBlockIndex* plonger = pindexNew;
+    while (pfork != plonger)
+    {
+        if (!(pfork = pfork->pprev))
+            return error("Reorganize() : pfork->pprev is null");
+        while (plonger->nHeight > pfork->nHeight)
+            if (!(plonger = plonger->pprev))
+                return error("Reorganize() : plonger->pprev is null");
+    }
+
+    // List of what to disconnect
+    vector<CBlockIndex*> vDisconnect;
+    for (CBlockIndex* pindex = pindexBest; pindex != pfork; pindex = pindex->pprev)
+        vDisconnect.push_back(pindex);
+
+    // List of what to connect
+    vector<CBlockIndex*> vConnect;
+    for (CBlockIndex* pindex = pindexNew; pindex != pfork; pindex = pindex->pprev)
+        vConnect.push_back(pindex);
+    reverse(vConnect.begin(), vConnect.end());
+
+    // Disconnect shorter branch
+    vector<CTransaction> vResurrect;
+    foreach(CBlockIndex* pindex, vDisconnect)
+    {
+        CBlock block;
+        if (!block.ReadFromDisk(pindex->nFile, pindex->nBlockPos, true))
+            return error("Reorganize() : ReadFromDisk for disconnect failed");
+        if (!block.DisconnectBlock(txdb, pindex))
+            return error("Reorganize() : DisconnectBlock failed");
+
+        // Queue memory transactions to resurrect
+        foreach(const CTransaction& tx, block.vtx)
+            if (!tx.IsCoinBase())
+                vResurrect.push_back(tx);
+    }
+
+    // Connect longer branch
+    vector<CTransaction> vDelete;
+    for (int i = 0; i < vConnect.size(); i++)
+    {
+        CBlockIndex* pindex = vConnect[i];
+        CBlock block;
+        if (!block.ReadFromDisk(pindex->nFile, pindex->nBlockPos, true))
+            return error("Reorganize() : ReadFromDisk for connect failed");
+        if (!block.ConnectBlock(txdb, pindex))
+        {
+            // Invalid block, delete the rest of this branch
+            txdb.TxnAbort();
+            for (int j = i; j < vConnect.size(); j++)
+            {
+                CBlockIndex* pindex = vConnect[j];
+                pindex->EraseBlockFromDisk();
+                txdb.EraseBlockIndex(pindex->GetBlockHash());
+                mapBlockIndex.erase(pindex->GetBlockHash());
+                delete pindex;
+            }
+            return error("Reorganize() : ConnectBlock failed");
+        }
+
+        // Queue memory transactions to delete
+        foreach(const CTransaction& tx, block.vtx)
+            vDelete.push_back(tx);
+    }
+    if (!txdb.WriteHashBestChain(pindexNew->GetBlockHash()))
+        return error("Reorganize() : WriteHashBestChain failed");
+
+    // Commit now because resurrecting could take some time
+    txdb.TxnCommit();
+
+    // Disconnect shorter branch
+    foreach(CBlockIndex* pindex, vDisconnect)
+        if (pindex->pprev)
+            pindex->pprev->pnext = NULL;
+
+    // Connect longer branch
+    foreach(CBlockIndex* pindex, vConnect)
+        if (pindex->pprev)
+            pindex->pprev->pnext = pindex;
+
+    // Resurrect memory transactions that were in the disconnected branch
+    foreach(CTransaction& tx, vResurrect)
+        tx.AcceptTransaction(txdb, false);
+
+    // Delete redundant memory transactions that are in the connected branch
+    foreach(CTransaction& tx, vDelete)
+        tx.RemoveFromMemoryPool();
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+
+bool CBlock::AddToBlockIndex(unsigned int nFile, unsigned int nBlockPos)
+{
+    // Check for duplicate
+    uint256 hash = GetHash();
+    if (mapBlockIndex.count(hash))
+        return error("AddToBlockIndex() : %s already exists", hash.ToString().substr(0,14).c_str());
+
+    // Construct new block index object
+    CBlockIndex* pindexNew = new CBlockIndex(nFile, nBlockPos, *this);
+    if (!pindexNew)
+        return error("AddToBlockIndex() : new CBlockIndex failed");
+    map<uint256, CBlockIndex*>::iterator mi = mapBlockIndex.insert(make_pair(hash, pindexNew)).first;
+    pindexNew->phashBlock = &((*mi).first);
+    map<uint256, CBlockIndex*>::iterator miPrev = mapBlockIndex.find(hashPrevBlock);
+    if (miPrev != mapBlockIndex.end())
+    {
+        pindexNew->pprev = (*miPrev).second;
+        pindexNew->nHeight = pindexNew->pprev->nHeight + 1;
+    }
+
+    CTxDB txdb;
+    txdb.TxnBegin();
+    txdb.WriteBlockIndex(CDiskBlockIndex(pindexNew));
+
+    // New best
+    if (pindexNew->nHeight > nBestHeight)
+    {
+        if (pindexGenesisBlock == NULL && hash == hashGenesisBlock)
+        {
+            pindexGenesisBlock = pindexNew;
+            txdb.WriteHashBestChain(hash);
+        }
+        else if (hashPrevBlock == hashBestChain)
+        {
+            // Adding to current best branch
+            if (!ConnectBlock(txdb, pindexNew) || !txdb.WriteHashBestChain(hash))
+            {
+                txdb.TxnAbort();
+                pindexNew->EraseBlockFromDisk();
+                mapBlockIndex.erase(pindexNew->GetBlockHash());
+                delete pindexNew;
+                return error("AddToBlockIndex() : ConnectBlock failed");
+            }
+            txdb.TxnCommit();
+            pindexNew->pprev->pnext = pindexNew;
+
+            // Delete redundant memory transactions
+            foreach(CTransaction& tx, vtx)
+                tx.RemoveFromMemoryPool();
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            // New best branch
+            if (!Reorganize(txdb, pindexNew))
+            {
+                txdb.TxnAbort();
+                return error("AddToBlockIndex() : Reorganize failed");
+            }
+        }
+
+        // New best link
+        hashBestChain = hash;
+        pindexBest = pindexNew;
+        nBestHeight = pindexBest->nHeight;
+        nTransactionsUpdated++;
+        printf("AddToBlockIndex: new best=%s  height=%d\n", hashBestChain.ToString().substr(0,14).c_str(), nBestHeight);
+    }
+
+    txdb.TxnCommit();
+    txdb.Close();
+
+    // Relay wallet transactions that haven't gotten in yet
+    if (pindexNew == pindexBest)
+        RelayWalletTransactions();
+
+    MainFrameRepaint();
+    return true;
+}
+
+
+
+
+bool CBlock::CheckBlock() const
+{
+    // These are checks that are independent of context
+    // that can be verified before saving an orphan block.
+
+    // Size limits
+    if (!CheckSizeLimits())
+        return error("CheckBlock() : size limits failed");
+
+    // Check timestamp
+    if (nTime > GetAdjustedTime() + 2 * 60 * 60)
+        return error("CheckBlock() : block timestamp too far in the future");
+
+    // First transaction must be coinbase, the rest must not be
+    if (vtx.empty() || !vtx[0].IsCoinBase())
+        return error("CheckBlock() : first tx is not coinbase");
+    for (int i = 1; i < vtx.size(); i++)
+        if (vtx[i].IsCoinBase())
+            return error("CheckBlock() : more than one coinbase");
+
+    // Check transactions
+    foreach(const CTransaction& tx, vtx)
+        if (!tx.CheckTransaction())
+            return error("CheckBlock() : CheckTransaction failed");
+
+    // Cap the work a block can demand. MAX_SIZE bounds the bytes, not the cost:
+    // every signature operation is an elliptic-curve verification, and at this
+    // chain's difficulty a block packed with them is affordable to mine and
+    // expensive for everyone else to reject.
+    unsigned int nSigOps = 0;
+    foreach(const CTransaction& tx, vtx)
+        nSigOps += tx.GetSigOpCount();
+    if (nSigOps > MAX_BLOCK_SIGOPS)
+        return error("CheckBlock() : out-of-bounds signature operation count");
+
+    // Reject blocks carrying the same transaction twice (CVE-2012-2459).
+    //
+    // BuildMerkleTree duplicates the last hash when a level has an odd width,
+    // so appending a copy of the trailing transaction(s) yields a block with
+    // an identical merkle root -- and therefore an identical block hash -- to
+    // a legitimate one. The forgery fails validation, the hash gets recorded
+    // as bad, and the real block is then refused because it hashes the same.
+    set<uint256> setTxHashes;
+    foreach(const CTransaction& tx, vtx)
+    {
+        uint256 hashTx = tx.GetHash();
+        if (setTxHashes.count(hashTx))
+            return error("CheckBlock() : duplicate transaction in block");
+        setTxHashes.insert(hashTx);
+    }
+
+    // Check proof of work matches claimed amount (memory-hard RandomX PoW)
+    if (CBigNum().SetCompact(nBits) > bnProofOfWorkLimit)
+        return error("CheckBlock() : nBits below minimum work");
+    if (GetPoWHash() > CBigNum().SetCompact(nBits).getuint256())
+        return error("CheckBlock() : RandomX proof-of-work does not match nBits");
+
+    // Check merkleroot
+    if (hashMerkleRoot != BuildMerkleTree())
+        return error("CheckBlock() : hashMerkleRoot mismatch");
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool CBlock::AcceptBlock()
+{
+    // Check for duplicate
+    uint256 hash = GetHash();
+    if (mapBlockIndex.count(hash))
+        return error("AcceptBlock() : block already in mapBlockIndex");
+
+    // Get prev block index
+    map<uint256, CBlockIndex*>::iterator mi = mapBlockIndex.find(hashPrevBlock);
+    if (mi == mapBlockIndex.end())
+        return error("AcceptBlock() : prev block not found");
+    CBlockIndex* pindexPrev = (*mi).second;
+
+    // Check timestamp against prev
+    if (nTime <= pindexPrev->GetMedianTimePast())
+        return error("AcceptBlock() : block's timestamp is too early");
+
+    // Check proof of work
+    if (nBits != GetNextWorkRequired(pindexPrev))
+        return error("AcceptBlock() : incorrect proof of work");
+
+    // Write block to history file
+    unsigned int nFile;
+    unsigned int nBlockPos;
+    if (!WriteToDisk(!fClient, nFile, nBlockPos))
+        return error("AcceptBlock() : WriteToDisk failed");
+    if (!AddToBlockIndex(nFile, nBlockPos))
+        return error("AcceptBlock() : AddToBlockIndex failed");
+
+    if (hashBestChain == hash)
+        RelayInventory(CInv(MSG_BLOCK, hash));
+
+    // // Add atoms to user reviews for coins created
+    // vector<unsigned char> vchPubKey;
+    // if (ExtractPubKey(vtx[0].vout[0].scriptPubKey, false, vchPubKey))
+    // {
+    //     unsigned short nAtom = GetRand(USHRT_MAX - 100) + 100;
+    //     vector<unsigned short> vAtoms(1, nAtom);
+    //     AddAtomsAndPropagate(Hash(vchPubKey.begin(), vchPubKey.end()), vAtoms, true);
+    // }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool ProcessBlock(CNode* pfrom, CBlock* pblock)
+{
+    // Counted before any check, so the ratio below is against everything that
+    // arrived rather than everything that was any good.
+    if (pfrom)
+        nBlocksReceived++;
+
+    // Check for duplicate
+    uint256 hash = pblock->GetHash();
+    if (mapBlockIndex.count(hash))
+        return error("ProcessBlock() : already have block %d %s", mapBlockIndex[hash]->nHeight, hash.ToString().substr(0,14).c_str());
+    if (mapOrphanBlocks.count(hash))
+        return error("ProcessBlock() : already have block (orphan) %s", hash.ToString().substr(0,14).c_str());
+
+    // Preliminary checks
+    if (!pblock->CheckBlock())
+    {
+        delete pblock;
+        return error("ProcessBlock() : CheckBlock FAILED");
+    }
+
+    // If don't already have its previous block, shunt it off to holding area until we get it
+    if (!mapBlockIndex.count(pblock->hashPrevBlock))
+    {
+        printf("ProcessBlock: ORPHAN BLOCK, prev=%s\n", pblock->hashPrevBlock.ToString().substr(0,14).c_str());
+        if (pfrom)
+            nBlocksWithoutParent++;
+        mapOrphanBlocks.insert(make_pair(hash, pblock));
+        mapOrphanBlocksByPrev.insert(make_pair(pblock->hashPrevBlock, pblock));
+
+        // Read what we need out of pblock before trimming: eviction picks at
+        // random and is perfectly entitled to pick the block just inserted,
+        // which would leave the GetOrphanRoot call below reading freed memory.
+        uint256 hashOrphanRoot = GetOrphanRoot(pblock);
+
+        LimitOrphanBlocks(MAX_ORPHAN_BLOCKS);
+
+        // Ask this guy to fill in what we're missing
+        if (pfrom)
+            pfrom->PushGetBlocks(pindexBest, hashOrphanRoot);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    // Store to disk
+    if (!pblock->AcceptBlock())
+    {
+        delete pblock;
+        return error("ProcessBlock() : AcceptBlock FAILED");
+    }
+    delete pblock;
+
+    // Recursively process any orphan blocks that depended on this one
+    vector<uint256> vWorkQueue;
+    vWorkQueue.push_back(hash);
+    for (int i = 0; i < vWorkQueue.size(); i++)
+    {
+        uint256 hashPrev = vWorkQueue[i];
+        for (multimap<uint256, CBlock*>::iterator mi = mapOrphanBlocksByPrev.lower_bound(hashPrev);
+             mi != mapOrphanBlocksByPrev.upper_bound(hashPrev);
+             ++mi)
+        {
+            CBlock* pblockOrphan = (*mi).second;
+            if (pblockOrphan->AcceptBlock())
+                vWorkQueue.push_back(pblockOrphan->GetHash());
+            mapOrphanBlocks.erase(pblockOrphan->GetHash());
+            delete pblockOrphan;
+        }
+        mapOrphanBlocksByPrev.erase(hashPrev);
+    }
+
+    printf("ProcessBlock: ACCEPTED\n");
+    return true;
+}
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+template<typename Stream>
+bool ScanMessageStart(Stream& s)
+{
+    // Scan ahead to the next pchMessageStart, which should normally be immediately
+    // at the file pointer.  Leaves file pointer at end of pchMessageStart.
+    s.clear(0);
+    short prevmask = s.exceptions(0);
+    const char* p = BEGIN(pchMessageStart);
+    try
+    {
+        loop
+        {
+            char c;
+            s.read(&c, 1);
+            if (s.fail())
+            {
+                s.clear(0);
+                s.exceptions(prevmask);
+                return false;
+            }
+            if (*p != c)
+                p = BEGIN(pchMessageStart);
+            if (*p == c)
+            {
+                if (++p == END(pchMessageStart))
+                {
+                    s.clear(0);
+                    s.exceptions(prevmask);
+                    return true;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    catch (...)
+    {
+        s.clear(0);
+        s.exceptions(prevmask);
+        return false;
+    }
+}
+
+string GetAppDir()
+{
+    string strDir;
+    if (!strSetDataDir.empty())
+    {
+        strDir = strSetDataDir;
+    }
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    else if (getenv("APPDATA"))
+    {
+        strDir = strprintf("%s\\Bitflash", getenv("APPDATA"));
+    }
+    else if (getenv("USERPROFILE"))
+    {
+        string strAppData = strprintf("%s\\Application Data", getenv("USERPROFILE"));
+        static bool fMkdirDone;
+        if (!fMkdirDone)
+        {
+            fMkdirDone = true;
+            _mkdir(strAppData.c_str());
+        }
+        strDir = strprintf("%s\\Bitflash", strAppData.c_str());
+    }
+#else
+    else if (getenv("HOME"))
+    {
+        strDir = strprintf("%s/.bitflash", getenv("HOME"));
+    }
+#endif
+    else
+    {
+        return ".";
+    }
+    static bool fMkdirDone;
+    if (!fMkdirDone)
+    {
+        fMkdirDone = true;
+        _mkdir(strDir.c_str());
+    }
+    return strDir;
+}
+
+FILE* OpenBlockFile(unsigned int nFile, unsigned int nBlockPos, const char* pszMode)
+{
+    if (nFile == -1)
+        return NULL;
+    FILE* file = fopen(strprintf("%s/blk%04d.dat", GetAppDir().c_str(), nFile).c_str(), pszMode);
+    if (!file)
+        return NULL;
+    if (nBlockPos != 0 && !strchr(pszMode, 'a') && !strchr(pszMode, 'w'))
+    {
+        if (fseek(file, nBlockPos, SEEK_SET) != 0)
+        {
+            fclose(file);
+            return NULL;
+        }
+    }
+    return file;
+}
+
+static unsigned int nCurrentBlockFile = 1;
+
+FILE* AppendBlockFile(unsigned int& nFileRet)
+{
+    nFileRet = 0;
+    loop
+    {
+        FILE* file = OpenBlockFile(nCurrentBlockFile, 0, "ab");
+        if (!file)
+            return NULL;
+        if (fseek(file, 0, SEEK_END) != 0)
+            return NULL;
+        // FAT32 filesize max 4GB, fseek and ftell max 2GB, so we must stay under 2GB
+        if (ftell(file) < 0x7F000000 - MAX_SIZE)
+        {
+            nFileRet = nCurrentBlockFile;
+            return file;
+        }
+        fclose(file);
+        nCurrentBlockFile++;
+    }
+}
+
+bool LoadBlockIndex(bool fAllowNew)
+{
+    // Initialize the RandomX PoW before touching any block (both the genesis
+    // and verification depend on it).
+    if (!RandomXInit())
+        return error("LoadBlockIndex() : RandomXInit failed");
+
+    //
+    // Load block index
+    //
+    CTxDB txdb("cr");
+    if (!txdb.LoadBlockIndex())
+        return false;
+    txdb.Close();
+
+    // Repair a bad tip found during verification.
+    //
+    // This has to happen after the handle above is closed. CTxDB::LoadBlockIndex
+    // walks the index with a cursor it never closes, so it is still holding read
+    // locks -- a write transaction opened alongside it waits on them forever.
+    // Measured, not guessed: the node came up, printed the diagnosis, and hung
+    // there with nothing in any log.
+    if (pindexBadChainFork)
+    {
+        CBlockIndex* pindexFork = pindexBadChainFork;
+        pindexBadChainFork = NULL;
+
+        printf("LoadBlockIndex() : *** moving best chain back to height %d, discarding %d block(s)\n",
+               pindexFork->nHeight, nBestHeight - pindexFork->nHeight);
+
+        vector<CBlockIndex*> vDisconnect;
+        for (CBlockIndex* pindex = pindexBest; pindex && pindex != pindexFork; pindex = pindex->pprev)
+            vDisconnect.push_back(pindex);
+
+        bool fRolledBack = false;
+        try
+        {
+            CTxDB txdbWrite;
+            txdbWrite.TxnBegin();
+            foreach(CBlockIndex* pindex, vDisconnect)
+            {
+                CBlock block;
+                if (!block.ReadFromDisk(pindex->nFile, pindex->nBlockPos, true))
+                    throw runtime_error("ReadFromDisk for disconnect failed");
+                if (!block.DisconnectBlock(txdbWrite, pindex))
+                    throw runtime_error("DisconnectBlock failed");
+            }
+            if (!txdbWrite.WriteHashBestChain(pindexFork->GetBlockHash()))
+                throw runtime_error("WriteHashBestChain failed");
+            txdbWrite.TxnCommit();
+            txdbWrite.Close();
+            fRolledBack = true;
+        }
+        catch (const std::exception& e)
+        {
+            printf("LoadBlockIndex() : rollback failed: %s\n", e.what());
+        }
+        catch (...)
+        {
+            printf("LoadBlockIndex() : rollback failed\n");
+        }
+
+        if (fRolledBack)
+        {
+            foreach(CBlockIndex* pindex, vDisconnect)
+                if (pindex->pprev)
+                    pindex->pprev->pnext = NULL;
+
+            pindexBest    = pindexFork;
+            hashBestChain = pindexBest->GetBlockHash();
+            nBestHeight   = pindexBest->nHeight;
+            printf("LoadBlockIndex() : now at height %d, will re-download from peers\n", nBestHeight);
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            // Start anyway. The operator needs a running node to read this from.
+            printf("LoadBlockIndex() : *** still on the bad chain at height %d -- back up the data directory and report this\n",
+                   nBestHeight);
+        }
+    }
+
+    //
+    // Init with genesis block
+    //
+    if (mapBlockIndex.empty())
+    {
+        if (!fAllowNew)
+            return false;
+
+
+        // Genesis Block:
+        // GetHash()      = 0x000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f
+        // hashMerkleRoot = 0x4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b
+        // txNew.vin[0].scriptSig     = 486604799 4 0x736B6E616220726F662074756F6C69616220646E6F63657320666F206B6E697262206E6F20726F6C6C65636E61684320393030322F6E614A2F33302073656D695420656854
+        // txNew.vout[0].nValue       = 5000000000
+        // txNew.vout[0].scriptPubKey = 0x5F1DF16B2B704C8A578D0BBAF74D385CDE12C11EE50455F3C438EF4C3FBCF649B6DE611FEAE06279A60939E028A8D65C10B73071A6F16719274855FEB0FD8A6704 OP_CHECKSIG
+        // block.nVersion = 1
+        // block.nTime    = 1231006505
+        // block.nBits    = 0x1d00ffff
+        // block.nNonce   = 2083236893
+        // CBlock(hash=000000000019d6, ver=1, hashPrevBlock=00000000000000, hashMerkleRoot=4a5e1e, nTime=1231006505, nBits=1d00ffff, nNonce=2083236893, vtx=1)
+        //   CTransaction(hash=4a5e1e, ver=1, vin.size=1, vout.size=1, nLockTime=0)
+        //     CTxIn(COutPoint(000000, -1), coinbase 04ffff001d0104455468652054696d65732030332f4a616e2f32303039204368616e63656c6c6f72206f6e206272696e6b206f66207365636f6e64206261696c6f757420666f722062616e6b73)
+        //     CTxOut(nValue=50.00000000, scriptPubKey=0x5F1DF16B2B704C8A578D0B)
+        //   vMerkleTree: 4a5e1e
+
+        // Bitflash genesis block -- own header (fair launch, 2026 stable relaunch)
+        char* pszTimestamp = "Bitflash 24/Jul/2026 Fair launch: one CPU one vote, no premine";
+        CTransaction txNew;
+        txNew.vin.resize(1);
+        txNew.vout.resize(1);
+        txNew.vin[0].scriptSig     = CScript() << 486604799 << CBigNum(4) << vector<unsigned char>((unsigned char*)pszTimestamp, (unsigned char*)pszTimestamp + strlen(pszTimestamp));
+        txNew.vout[0].nValue       = 50 * COIN;
+        txNew.vout[0].scriptPubKey = CScript() << CBigNum("0x5F1DF16B2B704C8A578D0BBAF74D385CDE12C11EE50455F3C438EF4C3FBCF649B6DE611FEAE06279A60939E028A8D65C10B73071A6F16719274855FEB0FD8A6704") << OP_CHECKSIG;
+        CBlock block;
+        block.vtx.push_back(txNew);
+        block.hashPrevBlock = 0;
+        block.hashMerkleRoot = block.BuildMerkleTree();
+        block.nVersion = 1;
+        block.nTime    = 1753315200; // 2026-07-24 00:00:00 UTC (stable relaunch)
+        block.nBits    = 0x1f0fffff; // = bnProofOfWorkLimit (Bitflash RandomX floor)
+        block.nNonce   = GENESIS_NONCE;
+
+        // If the nonce has not been found yet, mine the genesis once (RandomX)
+        // and print the values to be hardcoded in the constants above.
+        if (block.GetHash() != hashGenesisBlock)
+        {
+            printf("Mining Bitflash genesis block (RandomX)...\n");
+            uint256 hashTarget = CBigNum().SetCompact(block.nBits).getuint256();
+            while (block.GetPoWHash() > hashTarget)
+            {
+                if ((block.nNonce & 0x3ff) == 0)
+                    printf("nonce %u\r", block.nNonce);
+                block.nNonce++;
+                if (block.nNonce == 0)
+                {
+                    printf("nonce overflow, incrementing nTime\n");
+                    block.nTime++;
+                }
+            }
+            printf("\n=== BITFLASH GENESIS (RandomX) FOUND ===\n");
+            printf("nTime   = %u\n", block.nTime);
+            printf("nNonce  = %u  (0x%08x)\n", block.nNonce, block.nNonce);
+            printf("powhash = %s\n", block.GetPoWHash().ToString().c_str());
+            printf("hash    = %s\n", block.GetHash().ToString().c_str());
+            printf("merkle  = %s\n", block.hashMerkleRoot.ToString().c_str());
+            printf("========================================\n");
+        }
+
+        // Asserts only apply once the genesis values are hardcoded
+        if (hashGenesisBlock != uint256(0))
+        {
+            assert(block.hashMerkleRoot == hashGenesisMerkleRoot);
+            assert(block.GetHash() == hashGenesisBlock);
+        }
+
+        // Start new block file
+        unsigned int nFile;
+        unsigned int nBlockPos;
+        if (!block.WriteToDisk(!fClient, nFile, nBlockPos))
+            return error("LoadBlockIndex() : writing genesis block to disk failed");
+        if (!block.AddToBlockIndex(nFile, nBlockPos))
+            return error("LoadBlockIndex() : genesis block not accepted");
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+
+
+void PrintBlockTree()
+{
+    // precompute tree structure
+    map<CBlockIndex*, vector<CBlockIndex*> > mapNext;
+    for (map<uint256, CBlockIndex*>::iterator mi = mapBlockIndex.begin(); mi != mapBlockIndex.end(); ++mi)
+    {
+        CBlockIndex* pindex = (*mi).second;
+        mapNext[pindex->pprev].push_back(pindex);
+        // test
+        //while (rand() % 3 == 0)
+        //    mapNext[pindex->pprev].push_back(pindex);
+    }
+
+    vector<pair<int, CBlockIndex*> > vStack;
+    vStack.push_back(make_pair(0, pindexGenesisBlock));
+
+    int nPrevCol = 0;
+    while (!vStack.empty())
+    {
+        int nCol = vStack.back().first;
+        CBlockIndex* pindex = vStack.back().second;
+        vStack.pop_back();
+
+        // print split or gap
+        if (nCol > nPrevCol)
+        {
+            for (int i = 0; i < nCol-1; i++)
+                printf("| ");
+            printf("|\\\n");
+        }
+        else if (nCol < nPrevCol)
+        {
+            for (int i = 0; i < nCol; i++)
+                printf("| ");
+            printf("|\n");
+        }
+        nPrevCol = nCol;
+
+        // print columns
+        for (int i = 0; i < nCol; i++)
+            printf("| ");
+
+        // print item
+        CBlock block;
+        block.ReadFromDisk(pindex, true);
+        printf("%d (%u,%u) %s  %s  tx %d",
+            pindex->nHeight,
+            pindex->nFile,
+            pindex->nBlockPos,
+            block.GetHash().ToString().substr(0,14).c_str(),
+            DateTimeStr(block.nTime).c_str(),
+            (int)block.vtx.size());
+
+        CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapWallet)
+        {
+            if (mapWallet.count(block.vtx[0].GetHash()))
+            {
+                CWalletTx& wtx = mapWallet[block.vtx[0].GetHash()];
+                printf("    mine:  %d  %d  %lld", wtx.GetDepthInMainChain(), wtx.GetBlocksToMaturity(), wtx.GetCredit());
+            }
+        }
+        printf("\n");
+
+
+        // put the main timechain first
+        vector<CBlockIndex*>& vNext = mapNext[pindex];
+        for (int i = 0; i < vNext.size(); i++)
+        {
+            if (vNext[i]->pnext)
+            {
+                swap(vNext[0], vNext[i]);
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // iterate children
+        for (int i = 0; i < vNext.size(); i++)
+            vStack.push_back(make_pair(nCol+i, vNext[i]));
+    }
+}
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+// Messages
+//
+
+
+bool AlreadyHave(CTxDB& txdb, const CInv& inv)
+{
+    switch (inv.type)
+    {
+    case MSG_TX:        return mapTransactions.count(inv.hash) || txdb.ContainsTx(inv.hash);
+    case MSG_BLOCK:     return mapBlockIndex.count(inv.hash) || mapOrphanBlocks.count(inv.hash);
+    case MSG_REVIEW:    return true;
+    case MSG_PRODUCT:   return mapProducts.count(inv.hash);
+    }
+    // Don't know what it is, just say we already got one
+    return true;
+}
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+bool ProcessMessages(CNode* pfrom)
+{
+    CDataStream& vRecv = pfrom->vRecv;
+    if (vRecv.empty())
+        return true;
+    LogPrint("net", "ProcessMessages(%d bytes)\n", (int)vRecv.size());
+
+    //
+    // Message format
+    //  (4) message start
+    //  (12) command
+    //  (4) size
+    //  (x) data
+    //
+
+    loop
+    {
+        // Scan for message start
+        CDataStream::iterator pstart = search(vRecv.begin(), vRecv.end(), BEGIN(pchMessageStart), END(pchMessageStart));
+        if (vRecv.end() - pstart < sizeof(CMessageHeader))
+        {
+            if (vRecv.size() > sizeof(CMessageHeader))
+            {
+                if (LogAcceptsCategory("net")) printf("\n\nPROCESSMESSAGE MESSAGESTART NOT FOUND\n\n");
+                vRecv.erase(vRecv.begin(), vRecv.end() - sizeof(CMessageHeader));
+            }
+            break;
+        }
+        if (pstart - vRecv.begin() > 0)
+            if (LogAcceptsCategory("net")) printf("\n\nPROCESSMESSAGE SKIPPED %d BYTES\n\n", (int)(pstart - vRecv.begin()));
+        vRecv.erase(vRecv.begin(), pstart);
+
+        // Read the header from a copy first. The old path consumed the header,
+        // noticed the payload was incomplete, inserted the header back at the
+        // front of the receive buffer, then slept inside the shared message
+        // thread. A peer could announce a large payload and drip bytes forever,
+        // making every pass pay for an O(n) insert and a 100 ms stall.
+        CMessageHeader hdr;
+        CDataStream vHeader(vRecv.begin(), vRecv.begin() + sizeof(CMessageHeader),
+                            vRecv.nType, vRecv.nVersion);
+        vHeader >> hdr;
+        if (!hdr.IsValid())
+        {
+            if (LogAcceptsCategory("net")) printf("\n\nPROCESSMESSAGE: ERRORS IN HEADER %s\n\n\n", hdr.GetCommand().c_str());
+            if (hdr.nMessageSize > MAX_PROTOCOL_MESSAGE_SIZE)
+                pfrom->fDisconnect = true;
+            pfrom->nIncompleteMessageStart = 0;
+            vRecv.ignore(sizeof(CMessageHeader));
+            continue;
+        }
+        string strCommand = hdr.GetCommand();
+
+        // Message size
+        unsigned int nMessageSize = hdr.nMessageSize;
+        unsigned int nPayloadAvailable = vRecv.size() - sizeof(CMessageHeader);
+        if (nMessageSize > nPayloadAvailable)
+        {
+            if (pfrom->nIncompleteMessageStart == 0 ||
+                pfrom->nIncompleteMessageSize != nMessageSize ||
+                pfrom->strIncompleteMessageCommand != strCommand)
+            {
+                pfrom->nIncompleteMessageStart = GetTime();
+                pfrom->nIncompleteMessageSize = nMessageSize;
+                pfrom->strIncompleteMessageCommand = strCommand;
+            }
+            else if (GetTime() - pfrom->nIncompleteMessageStart >
+                     BTF_INCOMPLETE_MESSAGE_TIMEOUT_SECS)
+            {
+                LogPrint("net",
+                         "disconnecting %s: incomplete %s message, %u of %u bytes after %d seconds\n",
+                         pfrom->addr.ToString().c_str(), strCommand.c_str(),
+                         nPayloadAvailable, nMessageSize,
+                         BTF_INCOMPLETE_MESSAGE_TIMEOUT_SECS);
+                pfrom->fDisconnect = true;
+            }
+            break;
+        }
+        pfrom->nIncompleteMessageStart = 0;
+        pfrom->nIncompleteMessageSize = 0;
+        pfrom->strIncompleteMessageCommand.clear();
+        vRecv.ignore(sizeof(CMessageHeader));
+
+        // Copy message to its own buffer
+        CDataStream vMsg(vRecv.begin(), vRecv.begin() + nMessageSize, vRecv.nType, vRecv.nVersion);
+        vRecv.ignore(nMessageSize);
+
+        // Process message
+        bool fRet = false;
+        try
+        {
+            CheckForShutdown(2);
+            CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_main)
+                fRet = ProcessMessage(pfrom, strCommand, vMsg);
+            CheckForShutdown(2);
+        }
+        CATCH_PRINT_EXCEPTION("ProcessMessage()")
+        if (!fRet)
+            if (LogAcceptsCategory("net")) printf("ProcessMessage(%s, %d bytes) from %s to %s FAILED\n", strCommand.c_str(), nMessageSize, pfrom->addr.ToString().c_str(), addrLocalHost.ToString().c_str());
+    }
+
+    vRecv.Compact();
+    return true;
+}
+
+
+
+
+bool ProcessMessage(CNode* pfrom, string strCommand, CDataStream& vRecv)
+{
+    static map<unsigned int, vector<unsigned char> > mapReuseKey;
+    if (LogAcceptsCategory("net")) { printf("received: %-12s (%d bytes)  ", strCommand.c_str(), (int)vRecv.size()); for (int i = 0; i < min(vRecv.size(), (unsigned int)25); i++) printf("%02x ", vRecv[i] & 0xff); printf("\n"); }
+    if (nDropMessagesTest > 0 && GetRand(nDropMessagesTest) == 0)
+    {
+        if (LogAcceptsCategory("net")) printf("dropmessages DROPPING RECV MESSAGE\n");
+        return true;
+    }
+
+
+
+    if (strCommand == "version")
+    {
+        // Can only do this once
+        if (pfrom->nVersion != 0)
+            return false;
+
+        int64 nTime;
+        CAddress addrMe;
+        vRecv >> pfrom->nVersion >> pfrom->nServices >> nTime >> addrMe;
+        if (pfrom->nVersion == 0)
+            return false;
+
+        // Optional: peers older than this field simply end the message here,
+        // and nStartingHeight stays -1 for them. Never make this a requirement
+        // -- every node released so far sends the short form.
+        if (!vRecv.empty())
+            vRecv >> pfrom->nStartingHeight;
+
+        pfrom->vSend.SetVersion(min(pfrom->nVersion, VERSION));
+        pfrom->vRecv.SetVersion(min(pfrom->nVersion, VERSION));
+
+        pfrom->fClient = !(pfrom->nServices & NODE_NETWORK);
+        if (pfrom->fClient)
+        {
+            pfrom->vSend.nType |= SER_BLOCKHEADERONLY;
+            pfrom->vRecv.nType |= SER_BLOCKHEADERONLY;
+        }
+
+        AddTimeData(pfrom->addr.ip, nTime);
+
+        // Ask the first connected node for block updates
+        static bool fAskedForBlocks;
+        if (!fAskedForBlocks && !pfrom->fClient)
+        {
+            fAskedForBlocks = true;
+            pfrom->PushGetBlocks(pindexBest, uint256(0));
+        }
+
+        // Introduce ourselves and hand over the .btf peers that answered us.
+        // Everything in here is self-certifying, so this is safe to send to a
+        // node we know nothing about, and safe for it to act on.
+        vector<string> vPexOut;
+        BtfPexCollect(vPexOut);
+        if (!vPexOut.empty())
+            pfrom->PushMessage("btfpeers", vPexOut);
+
+        if (LogAcceptsCategory("net")) printf("version addrMe = %s, peer height = %d\n", addrMe.ToString().c_str(), pfrom->nStartingHeight);
+    }
+
+
+    else if (pfrom->nVersion == 0)
+    {
+        // Must have a version message before anything else
+        return false;
+    }
+
+
+    else if (strCommand == "btfpeers")
+    {
+        // Peer exchange. Nothing here is taken on trust: BtfPexAccept checks
+        // every descriptor's signature against the key its .btf address
+        // decodes to, and drops the rest.
+        int64 nNow = GetTime();
+        if (nNow - pfrom->nLastPexRecv < PEX_MIN_INTERVAL)
+        {
+            if (LogAcceptsCategory("net"))
+                printf("btfpeers: ignoring, %s is sending them too fast\n",
+                       pfrom->addr.ToString().c_str());
+            return true;
+        }
+        pfrom->nLastPexRecv = nNow;
+
+        vector<string> vDesc;
+        vRecv >> vDesc;
+        int nKept = BtfPexAccept(vDesc);
+        LogPrint("net", "btfpeers: kept %d of %zu descriptor(s) from %s\n",
+                 nKept, vDesc.size(), pfrom->addr.ToString().c_str());
+    }
+
+
+    else if (strCommand == "inv")
+    {
+        vector<CInv> vInv;
+        vRecv >> vInv;
+
+        CTxDB txdb("r");
+        foreach(const CInv& inv, vInv)
+        {
+            if (fShutdown)
+                return true;
+            pfrom->AddInventoryKnown(inv);
+
+            bool fAlreadyHave = AlreadyHave(txdb, inv);
+            if (LogAcceptsCategory("net")) printf("  got inventory: %s  %s\n", inv.ToString().c_str(), fAlreadyHave ? "have" : "new");
+
+            if (!fAlreadyHave)
+                pfrom->AskFor(inv);
+            else if (inv.type == MSG_BLOCK && mapOrphanBlocks.count(inv.hash))
+                pfrom->PushGetBlocks(pindexBest, GetOrphanRoot(mapOrphanBlocks[inv.hash]));
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    else if (strCommand == "getdata")
+    {
+        vector<CInv> vInv;
+        vRecv >> vInv;
+
+        foreach(const CInv& inv, vInv)
+        {
+            if (fShutdown)
+                return true;
+            if (LogAcceptsCategory("net")) printf("received getdata for: %s\n", inv.ToString().c_str());
+
+            if (inv.type == MSG_BLOCK)
+            {
+                // Send block from disk
+                map<uint256, CBlockIndex*>::iterator mi = mapBlockIndex.find(inv.hash);
+                if (mi != mapBlockIndex.end())
+                {
+                    //// could optimize this to send header straight from blockindex for client
+                    CBlock block;
+                    block.ReadFromDisk((*mi).second, !pfrom->fClient);
+                    pfrom->PushMessage("block", block);
+                }
+            }
+            else if (inv.IsKnownType())
+            {
+                // Send stream from relay memory
+                CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapRelay)
+                {
+                    map<CInv, CDataStream>::iterator mi = mapRelay.find(inv);
+                    if (mi != mapRelay.end())
+                        pfrom->PushMessage(inv.GetCommand(), (*mi).second);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    else if (strCommand == "getblocks")
+    {
+        CBlockLocator locator;
+        uint256 hashStop;
+        vRecv >> locator >> hashStop;
+
+        // Find the first block the caller has in the main chain
+        CBlockIndex* pindex = locator.GetBlockIndex();
+
+        // Send the rest of the chain
+        if (pindex)
+            pindex = pindex->pnext;
+        if (LogAcceptsCategory("net")) printf("getblocks %d to %s\n", (pindex ? pindex->nHeight : -1), hashStop.ToString().substr(0,14).c_str());
+        for (; pindex; pindex = pindex->pnext)
+        {
+            if (pindex->GetBlockHash() == hashStop)
+            {
+                if (LogAcceptsCategory("net")) printf("  getblocks stopping at %d %s\n", pindex->nHeight, pindex->GetBlockHash().ToString().substr(0,14).c_str());
+                break;
+            }
+
+            // Bypass setInventoryKnown in case an inventory message got lost
+            CRITICAL_BLOCK(pfrom->cs_inventory)
+            {
+                CInv inv(MSG_BLOCK, pindex->GetBlockHash());
+                // returns true if wasn't already contained in the set
+                if (pfrom->setInventoryKnown2.insert(inv).second)
+                {
+                    pfrom->setInventoryKnown.erase(inv);
+                    pfrom->vInventoryToSend.push_back(inv);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    else if (strCommand == "tx")
+    {
+        vector<uint256> vWorkQueue;
+        CDataStream vMsg(vRecv);
+        CTransaction tx;
+        vRecv >> tx;
+
+        CInv inv(MSG_TX, tx.GetHash());
+        pfrom->AddInventoryKnown(inv);
+
+        bool fMissingInputs = false;
+        if (tx.AcceptTransaction(true, &fMissingInputs))
+        {
+            AddToWalletIfMine(tx, NULL);
+            RelayMessage(inv, vMsg);
+            mapAlreadyAskedFor.erase(inv);
+            vWorkQueue.push_back(inv.hash);
+
+            // Recursively process any orphan transactions that depended on this one
+            for (int i = 0; i < vWorkQueue.size(); i++)
+            {
+                uint256 hashPrev = vWorkQueue[i];
+                for (multimap<uint256, CDataStream*>::iterator mi = mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev.lower_bound(hashPrev);
+                     mi != mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev.upper_bound(hashPrev);
+                     ++mi)
+                {
+                    const CDataStream& vMsg = *((*mi).second);
+                    CTransaction tx;
+                    CDataStream(vMsg) >> tx;
+                    CInv inv(MSG_TX, tx.GetHash());
+
+                    if (tx.AcceptTransaction(true))
+                    {
+                        if (LogAcceptsCategory("net")) printf("   accepted orphan tx %s\n", inv.hash.ToString().substr(0,6).c_str());
+                        AddToWalletIfMine(tx, NULL);
+                        RelayMessage(inv, vMsg);
+                        mapAlreadyAskedFor.erase(inv);
+                        vWorkQueue.push_back(inv.hash);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            foreach(uint256 hash, vWorkQueue)
+                EraseOrphanTx(hash);
+        }
+        else if (fMissingInputs)
+        {
+            if (LogAcceptsCategory("net")) printf("storing orphan tx %s\n", inv.hash.ToString().substr(0,6).c_str());
+            AddOrphanTx(vMsg);
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    else if (strCommand == "review")
+    {
+        CDataStream vMsg(vRecv);
+        CReview review;
+        vRecv >> review;
+
+        CInv inv(MSG_REVIEW, review.GetHash());
+        pfrom->AddInventoryKnown(inv);
+
+        if (review.AcceptReview())
+        {
+            // Relay the original message as-is in case it's a higher version than we know how to parse
+            RelayMessage(inv, vMsg);
+            mapAlreadyAskedFor.erase(inv);
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    else if (strCommand == "block")
+    {
+        auto_ptr<CBlock> pblock(new CBlock);
+        vRecv >> *pblock;
+
+        //// debug print
+        if (LogAcceptsCategory("net")) { printf("received block:\n"); pblock->print(); }
+
+        CInv inv(MSG_BLOCK, pblock->GetHash());
+        pfrom->AddInventoryKnown(inv);
+
+        if (ProcessBlock(pfrom, pblock.release()))
+            mapAlreadyAskedFor.erase(inv);
+    }
+
+
+    else if (strCommand == "checkorder")
+    {
+        uint256 hashReply;
+        CWalletTx order;
+        vRecv >> hashReply >> order;
+
+        /// we have a chance to check the order here
+
+        // Keep giving the same key to the same ip until they use it
+        if (!mapReuseKey.count(pfrom->addr.ip))
+            mapReuseKey[pfrom->addr.ip] = GenerateNewKey();
+
+        // Send back approval of order and pubkey to use
+        CScript scriptPubKey;
+        scriptPubKey << mapReuseKey[pfrom->addr.ip] << OP_CHECKSIG;
+        pfrom->PushMessage("reply", hashReply, (int)0, scriptPubKey);
+    }
+
+
+    else if (strCommand == "submitorder")
+    {
+        uint256 hashReply;
+        CWalletTx wtxNew;
+        vRecv >> hashReply >> wtxNew;
+
+        // Broadcast
+        if (!wtxNew.AcceptWalletTransaction())
+        {
+            pfrom->PushMessage("reply", hashReply, (int)1);
+            return error("submitorder AcceptWalletTransaction() failed, returning error 1");
+        }
+        wtxNew.fTimeReceivedIsTxTime = true;
+        AddToWallet(wtxNew);
+        wtxNew.RelayWalletTransaction();
+        mapReuseKey.erase(pfrom->addr.ip);
+
+        // Send back confirmation
+        pfrom->PushMessage("reply", hashReply, (int)0);
+    }
+
+
+    else if (strCommand == "reply")
+    {
+        uint256 hashReply;
+        vRecv >> hashReply;
+
+        CRequestTracker tracker;
+        CRITICAL_BLOCK(pfrom->cs_mapRequests)
+        {
+            map<uint256, CRequestTracker>::iterator mi = pfrom->mapRequests.find(hashReply);
+            if (mi != pfrom->mapRequests.end())
+            {
+                tracker = (*mi).second;
+                pfrom->mapRequests.erase(mi);
+            }
+        }
+        if (!tracker.IsNull())
+            tracker.fn(tracker.param1, vRecv);
+    }
+
+
+    else if (strCommand == "ping")
+    {
+        // Nothing to do and nothing to answer. Arriving at all is the entire
+        // content of the message: the receive path has already stamped
+        // nLastRecv, which is what the sender wanted us to notice.
+        //
+        // Deliberately no reply. A node old enough not to know "ping" ignores
+        // it as an unknown command and would never answer one, so a scheme
+        // that required an answer would read every such peer as dead.
+    }
+
+
+    else
+    {
+        // Ignore unknown commands for extensibility
+        if (LogAcceptsCategory("net")) printf("ProcessMessage(%s) : Ignored unknown message\n", strCommand.c_str());
+    }
+
+
+    if (!vRecv.empty())
+        if (LogAcceptsCategory("net")) printf("ProcessMessage(%s) : %d extra bytes\n", strCommand.c_str(), (int)vRecv.size());
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+bool SendMessages(CNode* pto)
+{
+    CheckForShutdown(2);
+    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_main)
+    {
+        // Don't send anything until we get their version message
+        if (pto->nVersion == 0)
+            return true;
+
+
+        //
+        // Message: keep-alive ping
+        //
+        // Only when we have nothing else queued -- any real message serves the
+        // same purpose. A peer with nothing to relay is otherwise silent, and
+        // silence is exactly what the inactivity check disconnects on.
+        //
+        if (pto->nLastSend && GetTime() - pto->nLastSend > BTF_PING_INTERVAL_SECS && pto->vSend.empty())
+            pto->PushMessage("ping");
+
+
+        //
+        // Message: inventory
+        //
+        vector<CInv> vInventoryToSend;
+        CRITICAL_BLOCK(pto->cs_inventory)
+        {
+            vInventoryToSend.reserve(pto->vInventoryToSend.size());
+            foreach(const CInv& inv, pto->vInventoryToSend)
+            {
+                // returns true if wasn't already contained in the set
+                if (pto->setInventoryKnown.insert(inv).second)
+                    vInventoryToSend.push_back(inv);
+            }
+            pto->vInventoryToSend.clear();
+            pto->setInventoryKnown2.clear();
+        }
+        if (!vInventoryToSend.empty())
+            pto->PushMessage("inv", vInventoryToSend);
+
+
+        //
+        // Message: getdata
+        //
+        vector<CInv> vAskFor;
+        int64 nNow = GetTime() * 1000000;
+        CTxDB txdb("r");
+        while (!pto->mapAskFor.empty() && (*pto->mapAskFor.begin()).first <= nNow)
+        {
+            const CInv& inv = (*pto->mapAskFor.begin()).second;
+            if (LogAcceptsCategory("net")) printf("sending getdata: %s\n", inv.ToString().c_str());
+            if (!AlreadyHave(txdb, inv))
+                vAskFor.push_back(inv);
+            pto->mapAskFor.erase(pto->mapAskFor.begin());
+        }
+        if (!vAskFor.empty())
+            pto->PushMessage("getdata", vAskFor);
+
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+// BitcoinMiner
+//
+
+int FormatHashBlocks(void* pbuffer, unsigned int len)
+{
+    unsigned char* pdata = (unsigned char*)pbuffer;
+    unsigned int blocks = 1 + ((len + 8) / 64);
+    unsigned char* pend = pdata + 64 * blocks;
+    memset(pdata + len, 0, 64 * blocks - len);
+    pdata[len] = 0x80;
+    unsigned int bits = len * 8;
+    pend[-1] = (bits >> 0) & 0xff;
+    pend[-2] = (bits >> 8) & 0xff;
+    pend[-3] = (bits >> 16) & 0xff;
+    pend[-4] = (bits >> 24) & 0xff;
+    return blocks;
+}
+
+using CryptoPP::ByteReverse;
+static int detectlittleendian = 1;
+
+void BlockSHA256(const void* pin, unsigned int nBlocks, void* pout)
+{
+    unsigned int* pinput = (unsigned int*)pin;
+    unsigned int* pstate = (unsigned int*)pout;
+
+    CryptoPP::SHA256::InitState(pstate);
+
+    if (*(char*)&detectlittleendian != 0)
+    {
+        for (int n = 0; n < nBlocks; n++)
+        {
+            unsigned int pbuf[16];
+            for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++)
+                pbuf[i] = ByteReverse(pinput[n * 16 + i]);
+            CryptoPP::SHA256::Transform(pstate, pbuf);
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++)
+            pstate[i] = ByteReverse(pstate[i]);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        for (int n = 0; n < nBlocks; n++)
+            CryptoPP::SHA256::Transform(pstate, pinput + n * 16);
+    }
+}
+
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Participant pool miner -- connects to an external Stratum server, receives
+// RandomX jobs, hashes with the local CPU, and submits shares.
+// Called from BitcoinMiner() when nMineMode == MINE_PARTICIPANT.
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+using json = nlohmann::json;
+
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Participant miner -- connects to a pool over a .btf tunnel, runs Stratum,
+// hashes with RandomX, submits shares. Called from BitcoinMiner().
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+using json = nlohmann::json;
+
+static std::string ToHexStr(const void* p, size_t n)
+{
+    const unsigned char* b = (const unsigned char*)p;
+    std::string s; s.reserve(n*2);
+    static const char* H = "0123456789abcdef";
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < n; i++) { s += H[b[i]>>4]; s += H[b[i]&0xf]; }
+    return s;
+}
+
+static std::vector<unsigned char> FromHexStr(const std::string& s)
+{
+    std::vector<unsigned char> v;
+    for (size_t i = 0; i+1 < s.size(); i += 2) {
+        auto h = [](char c)->int{
+            if(c>='0'&&c<='9') return c-'0';
+            if(c>='a'&&c<='f') return c-'a'+10;
+            if(c>='A'&&c<='F') return c-'A'+10;
+            return 0;
+        };
+        v.push_back((unsigned char)((h(s[i])<<4)|h(s[i+1])));
+    }
+    return v;
+}
+
+static void UpdateParticipantHashRate(uint64 hashesSinceSample, int64 sampleStart)
+{
+    int64 elapsed = GetTime() - sampleStart;
+    if (elapsed <= 0) elapsed = 1;
+    gParticipantHashRateX1000.store(
+        (uint64)((double)hashesSinceSample / (double)elapsed * 1000.0));
+}
+
+// Blocking send of a JSON line to the pool.
+static bool StratumSendLine(SOCKET s, const json& j)
+{
+    std::string line = j.dump() + "\n";
+    int sent = 0, total = (int)line.size();
+    while (sent < total) {
+        int r = send(s, line.c_str()+sent, total-sent, 0);
+        if (r <= 0) return false;
+        sent += r;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+// Non-blocking recv into carry buffer. Returns true + fills line when a
+// complete newline-terminated message is ready. Returns false in two cases:
+//   disconnected=true  -- socket closed by peer; caller must stop
+//   disconnected=false -- no complete line yet; caller should select() and retry
+static bool StratumRecvLine(SOCKET s, std::string& buf,
+                            std::string& line, bool& disconnected)
+{
+    disconnected = false;
+    char tmp[4096];
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    u_long avail = 0;
+    ioctlsocket(s, FIONREAD, &avail);
+    if (avail > 0) {
+        int r = recv(s, tmp, (int)std::min((u_long)(sizeof(tmp)-1), avail), 0);
+        if (r > 0)       { tmp[r] = 0; buf += tmp; }
+        else if (r == 0) { disconnected = true; return false; }
+    }
+#else
+    {
+        int r = recv(s, tmp, sizeof(tmp)-1, MSG_DONTWAIT);
+        if (r > 0)       { tmp[r] = 0; buf += tmp; }
+        else if (r == 0) { disconnected = true; return false; }
+        // r < 0: EAGAIN -- no data right now
+    }
+#endif
+    size_t pos = buf.find('\n');
+    if (pos == std::string::npos) return false;
+    line = buf.substr(0, pos);
+    if (!line.empty() && line.back() == '\r') line.pop_back();
+    buf = buf.substr(pos + 1);
+    return true;
+}
+
+// How long to wait for a mining.notify after authorize before giving up
+static const int64 STUCK_NO_JOB_TIMEOUT_SECS = 120;
+
+static bool PoolParticipantMiner()
+{
+    // ------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // Step 1: resolve .btf address -> meeting node
+    // ------------------------------------------------------------------
+    if (strParticipantPool.empty()) {
+        LogPrint("worker", "[worker] no pool selected\n");
+        SetParticipantMiningStatus("no pool selected");
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    LogPrint("worker", "[worker] connecting to pool %s\n", strParticipantPool.c_str());
+    SetParticipantMiningStatus("resolving pool address");
+
+    unsigned char target_pubkey[32];
+    if (!btf::ParseAddress(strParticipantPool, target_pubkey)) {
+        LogPrint("worker", "[worker] invalid .btf address: %s\n", strParticipantPool.c_str());
+        SetParticipantMiningStatus("invalid pool address");
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    std::string meetingHostPort;
+    unsigned char service_enc_pub[32];
+    if (!BtfResolve(strParticipantPool, meetingHostPort, service_enc_pub)) {
+        LogPrint("worker", "[worker] failed to resolve pool %s"
+                 " (no Nostr descriptor found -- pool may be offline or relays down)\n",
+                 strParticipantPool.c_str());
+        SetParticipantMiningStatus("failed to resolve pool");
+        return false;
+    }
+    LogPrint("worker", "[worker] pool resolved to meeting node %s\n", meetingHostPort.c_str());
+
+    size_t colon = meetingHostPort.rfind(':');
+    if (colon == std::string::npos) {
+        LogPrint("worker", "[worker] bad meeting node format '%s'\n", meetingHostPort.c_str());
+        SetParticipantMiningStatus("bad pool endpoint");
+        return false;
+    }
+    std::string host = meetingHostPort.substr(0, colon);
+    int port = atoi(meetingHostPort.substr(colon + 1).c_str());
+    if (port <= 0 || port > 65535) {
+        LogPrint("worker", "[worker] bad meeting port %d in '%s'\n",
+                 port, meetingHostPort.c_str());
+        SetParticipantMiningStatus("bad pool port");
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // ------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // Step 2: open encrypted tunnel to pool
+    // ------------------------------------------------------------------
+    SetParticipantMiningStatus("opening tunnel");
+    btf_socket_t s = btf::BtfClientTunnel(host.c_str(), (unsigned short)port,
+                                           target_pubkey, service_enc_pub);
+    if (s == INVALID_SOCKET) {
+        LogPrint("worker", "[worker] tunnel connect FAILED via %s"
+                 " (relay unreachable or pool not listening)\n",
+                 meetingHostPort.c_str());
+        SetParticipantMiningStatus("tunnel connect failed");
+        return false;
+    }
+    LogPrint("worker", "[worker] tunnel open via %s\n", meetingHostPort.c_str());
+    SetParticipantMiningStatus("tunnel open");
+
+    // ------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // Step 3: determine our payout address (mining username)
+    // ------------------------------------------------------------------
+    std::string username;
+    {
+        std::vector<unsigned char> vchPubKey;
+        if (CWalletDB("r").ReadDefaultKey(vchPubKey))
+            username = PubKeyToAddress(vchPubKey);
+    }
+    if (username.empty()) username = BtfLocalAddress();
+    if (username.empty()) {
+        LogPrint("worker", "[worker] WARNING: could not determine wallet address"
+                 " -- shares will not pay out\n");
+        username = "unknown";
+    }
+    LogPrint("worker", "[worker] payout address: %s\n", username.c_str());
+
+    // ------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // Step 4: build the fast (~2 GB dataset) RandomX mode if not already
+    // built, then start our VM. Without this, RandomXCreateMinerVM() falls
+    // back to "light" mode (cache only) forever, which is dramatically
+    // slower per hash than fast mode -- it recomputes dataset items on the
+    // fly for every single hash instead of a direct memory lookup. That
+    // alone can turn a "few seconds per share" pool into "many minutes per
+    // share" regardless of how easy the share target is.
+    //
+    // This MUST happen before we send mining.subscribe/authorize, not
+    // after: it's a synchronous, single-threaded-per-call build that can
+    // take anywhere from several seconds to a couple of minutes depending
+    // on core count. If it runs after the handshake messages are sent,
+    // the pool's replies (subscribe ack, authorize ack, set_difficulty,
+    // and the first job) all land in the OS socket buffer while we're
+    // not reading -- nothing is lost, but we sit there looking (and
+    // logging) like we're "stuck waiting for pool response" for the
+    // entire build duration, when really we're just not listening yet.
+    // Building the dataset first means that by the time we say
+    // "subscribing", we're genuinely ready to read the reply the instant
+    // it arrives.
+    // ------------------------------------------------------------------
+    if (!RandomXFastReady()) {
+        SetParticipantMiningStatus("building RandomX dataset (~2GB, one-time)");
+        unsigned int nThreads = std::thread::hardware_concurrency();
+        RandomXInitDataset(nThreads > 0 ? (int)nThreads : 1);
+    }
+    void* rxvm = RandomXCreateMinerVM();
+    if (!rxvm) {
+        LogPrint("worker", "[worker] failed to create RandomX VM\n");
+        SetParticipantMiningStatus("RandomX init failed");
+        closesocket(s); return false;
+    }
+    LogPrint("worker", "[worker] RandomX VM ready (%s)\n",
+             RandomXFastReady() ? "fast 2GB" : "light 256MB");
+
+    // ------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // Step 5: Stratum subscribe + authorize. The socket is read from
+    // immediately after this, in the main loop below, so nothing sits
+    // unread behind a blocking dataset build anymore.
+    // ------------------------------------------------------------------
+    std::string buf;
+    int msgId = 1;
+    std::set<int> pendingSubmitIds;
+
+    SetParticipantMiningStatus("subscribing");
+    LogPrint("worker", "[worker->pool] sending mining.subscribe\n");
+    if (!StratumSendLine(s, json{{"id",msgId++},{"method","mining.subscribe"},
+                                 {"params",json::array()}})) {
+        LogPrint("worker", "[worker] subscribe send FAILED -- pool dropped connection\n");
+        SetParticipantMiningStatus("subscribe send failed");
+        RandomXDestroyMinerVM(rxvm);
+        closesocket(s); return false;
+    }
+
+    SetParticipantMiningStatus("authorizing");
+    LogPrint("worker", "[worker->pool] sending mining.authorize as %s\n", username.c_str());
+    if (!StratumSendLine(s, json{{"id",msgId++},{"method","mining.authorize"},
+                                 {"params",json::array({username,"x"})}})) {
+        LogPrint("worker", "[worker] authorize send FAILED -- pool dropped connection\n");
+        SetParticipantMiningStatus("authorize send failed");
+        RandomXDestroyMinerVM(rxvm);
+        closesocket(s); return false;
+    }
+
+    // ------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // Step 6: main loop -- receive messages, hash, submit shares
+    // ------------------------------------------------------------------
+    std::string jobId;
+    unsigned char header[80] = {};
+    uint256 target;
+    double currentDifficulty = 1.0; // updated by mining.set_difficulty from pool
+    bool haveJob         = false;
+    bool gotSubscribeAck = false;
+    bool gotAuthorizeAck = false;
+    int64 authWaitStart  = 0;
+    int64 lastStuckLog   = 0;
+    unsigned int nNonce  = 1;
+    uint64 hashesSinceSample  = 0;
+    uint64 sessionSharesSent  = 0; // this connection only
+    uint64 sessionSharesAccepted = 0;
+    int64  sampleStart       = GetTime();
+
+    SetParticipantMiningStatus("waiting for pool response");
+
+    while (fGenerateBitcoins && nMineMode == MINE_PARTICIPANT && !fShutdown)
+    {
+        // -- Receive: check buffer first, then select --
+        {
+            bool haveBuffered = buf.find('\n') != std::string::npos;
+            bool readable     = false;
+            if (!haveBuffered) {
+                fd_set fds; FD_ZERO(&fds); FD_SET(s, &fds);
+                struct timeval tv = {0, 50000}; // 50ms
+                readable = select((int)s+1, &fds, NULL, NULL, &tv) > 0;
+            }
+
+            if (haveBuffered || readable) {
+                std::string line;
+                bool disc = false;
+                while (StratumRecvLine(s, buf, line, disc)) {
+                    json msg;
+                    try { msg = json::parse(line); } catch (...) {
+                        LogPrint("worker", "[pool->worker] JSON parse error: %.80s\n",
+                                 line.c_str());
+                        continue;
+                    }
+
+                    // -- Response to our subscribe (id=1) --
+                    if (msg.contains("id") && msg["id"].is_number_integer()
+                        && msg["id"].get<int>() == 1
+                        && msg.contains("result") && !msg["result"].is_null()) {
+                        gotSubscribeAck = true;
+                        LogPrint("worker", "[pool->worker] subscribe ack received\n");
+                        SetParticipantMiningStatus("subscribed; waiting for authorize ack");
+                    }
+
+                    // -- Response to our authorize (id=2) --
+                    else if (msg.contains("id") && msg["id"].is_number_integer()
+                             && msg["id"].get<int>() == 2
+                             && msg.contains("result")) {
+                        bool ok = msg["result"].is_boolean() && msg["result"].get<bool>();
+                        authWaitStart = GetTime();
+                        if (ok) {
+                            gotAuthorizeAck = true;
+                            LogPrint("worker", "[pool->worker] authorize OK -- waiting for job\n");
+                            SetParticipantMiningStatus("authorized; waiting for job");
+                        } else {
+                            std::string reason = msg.value("error", json("unspecified")).is_string()
+                                ? msg["error"].get<std::string>() : "unspecified";
+                            LogPrint("worker", "[pool->worker] authorize REJECTED: %s\n",
+                                     reason.c_str());
+                            SetParticipantMiningStatus("authorization rejected");
+                            // Don't break -- pool might still send a job (some pools
+                            // reject bad addresses but still send work)
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    // -- Share submission response --
+                    else if (msg.contains("id") && msg["id"].is_number_integer()) {
+                        int rid = msg["id"].get<int>();
+                        if (pendingSubmitIds.erase(rid) > 0) {
+                            bool accepted = msg.contains("result")
+                                         && msg["result"].is_boolean()
+                                         && msg["result"].get<bool>();
+                            if (accepted) {
+                                gParticipantSharesAccepted.fetch_add(1);
+                                sessionSharesAccepted++;
+                                LogPrint("worker", "[pool->worker] share id=%d ACCEPTED\n", rid);
+                                SetParticipantMiningStatus("share accepted");
+                            } else {
+                                std::string reason = (msg.contains("error")
+                                    && msg["error"].is_string())
+                                    ? msg["error"].get<std::string>() : "unspecified";
+                                LogPrint("worker", "[pool->worker] share id=%d REJECTED: %s\n",
+                                         rid, reason.c_str());
+                                SetParticipantMiningStatus("share rejected: " + reason);
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    // -- Server notification --
+                    else {
+                        std::string method = msg.value("method", "");
+
+                        if (method == "mining.notify") {
+                            auto& p = msg["params"];
+                            if (!p.is_array() || p.size() < 4) {
+                                LogPrint("worker", "[pool->worker] malformed mining.notify"
+                                         " (params size=%zu)\n", p.is_array() ? p.size() : 0);
+                            } else {
+                                std::string newJobId = p[0].get<std::string>();
+                                auto hdrBytes = FromHexStr(p[1].get<std::string>());
+                                auto tgtBytes = FromHexStr(p[3].get<std::string>());
+
+                                if (hdrBytes.size() < 80) {
+                                    LogPrint("worker", "[pool->worker] mining.notify:"
+                                             " header too short (%zu bytes)\n",
+                                             hdrBytes.size());
+                                } else if (tgtBytes.size() < 32) {
+                                    LogPrint("worker", "[pool->worker] mining.notify:"
+                                             " target too short (%zu bytes)\n",
+                                             tgtBytes.size());
+                                } else {
+                                    jobId = newJobId;
+                                    memcpy(header, hdrBytes.data(), 80);
+                                    memcpy(&target, tgtBytes.data(), 32);
+                                    haveJob = true;
+                                    nNonce  = 1;
+                                    LogPrint("worker", "[pool->worker] new job %s received\n",
+                                             jobId.c_str());
+                                    SetParticipantMiningStatus("hashing job " + jobId);
+                                }
+                            }
+                        } else if (method == "mining.set_difficulty") {
+                            // Pool adjusts our share difficulty via vardiff.
+                            // Apply it immediately so we start hashing at the new target.
+                            if (msg.contains("params") && msg["params"].is_array()
+                                && msg["params"].size() > 0
+                                && msg["params"][0].is_number()) {
+                                double newDiff = msg["params"][0].get<double>();
+                                if (newDiff > 0.0) {
+                                    bool changed = (newDiff != currentDifficulty);
+                                    currentDifficulty = newDiff;
+                                    LogPrint("worker", "[pool->worker] set_difficulty %.6f%s\n",
+                                             newDiff, changed ? " (updated)" : " (initial)");
+                                }
+                            } else {
+                                LogPrint("worker", "[pool->worker] set_difficulty"
+                                         " received (no valid params)\n");
+                            }
+                        } else if (!method.empty()) {
+                            LogPrint("worker", "[pool->worker] unknown server method: %s\n",
+                                     method.c_str());
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if (disc) {
+                    LogPrint("worker", "[worker] pool closed the connection"
+                             " (gotSubscribeAck=%d gotAuthorizeAck=%d haveJob=%d)\n",
+                             gotSubscribeAck, gotAuthorizeAck, haveJob);
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // -- Stuck watchdog: authorized but no job arriving --
+        if (gotAuthorizeAck && !haveJob && authWaitStart > 0) {
+            int64 waited = GetTime() - authWaitStart;
+            if (waited > 10 && GetTime() - lastStuckLog >= 15) {
+                LogPrint("worker", "[worker] authorized but no job after %llds"
+                         " -- pool tunnel is live, waiting on mining.notify\n",
+                         (long long)waited);
+                lastStuckLog = GetTime();
+            }
+            if (waited > STUCK_NO_JOB_TIMEOUT_SECS) {
+                LogPrint("worker", "[worker] no job received after %llds -- disconnecting"
+                         " and reconnecting\n", (long long)STUCK_NO_JOB_TIMEOUT_SECS);
+                SetParticipantMiningStatus("timeout waiting for job; reconnecting");
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (!haveJob) { Sleep(100); continue; }
+
+        // -- Hash one nonce --
+        memcpy(header+76, &nNonce, 4);
+        uint256 hash = RandomXHashWithVM(rxvm, header, 80);
+        hashesSinceSample++;
+        gParticipantHashes.fetch_add(1);
+        if ((hashesSinceSample & 0x3ff) == 0)
+            UpdateParticipantHashRate(hashesSinceSample, sampleStart);
+
+        if (hash <= target) {
+            LogPrint("worker", "[worker] share found! nonce=%u job=%s difficulty=%.4f\n",
+                     nNonce, jobId.c_str(), currentDifficulty);
+            SetParticipantMiningStatus("share found; submitting");
+            int submitId = msgId++;
+            pendingSubmitIds.insert(submitId);
+            gParticipantSharesSent.fetch_add(1);
+            sessionSharesSent++;
+            json submit = {{"id",submitId},{"method","mining.submit"},
+                           {"params",json::array({username, jobId, ToHexStr(&nNonce,4)})}};
+            if (!StratumSendLine(s, submit)) {
+                LogPrint("worker", "[worker] share submit send FAILED"
+                         " -- pool connection lost\n");
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        nNonce++;
+        if (nNonce == 0) {
+            LogPrint("worker", "[worker] nonce space exhausted for job %s"
+                     " -- waiting for new job\n", jobId.c_str());
+            haveJob = false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // Cleanup
+    // ------------------------------------------------------------------
+    RandomXDestroyMinerVM(rxvm);
+    closesocket(s);
+    UpdateParticipantHashRate(hashesSinceSample, sampleStart);
+    SetParticipantMiningStatus("disconnected");
+    LogPrint("worker", "[worker] disconnected from pool"
+             " (hashes this session: %llu, shares sent: %llu, accepted: %llu)\n",
+             (unsigned long long)hashesSinceSample,
+             (unsigned long long)sessionSharesSent,
+             (unsigned long long)sessionSharesAccepted);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool BitcoinMiner(int nThreadId)
+{
+    // Relay mode: never mines, just relays/syncs. (Shouldn't normally get here
+    // since the GUI hides Start Mining for Relay, but guard it regardless.)
+    if (nMineMode == MINE_RELAY)
+        return true;
+
+    // Participant mode: connect to external pool instead of mining solo/operator
+    if (nMineMode == MINE_PARTICIPANT)
+    {
+        while (fGenerateBitcoins && nMineMode == MINE_PARTICIPANT && !fShutdown) {
+            PoolParticipantMiner();
+            if (fGenerateBitcoins && nMineMode == MINE_PARTICIPANT && !fShutdown) {
+                LogPrint("worker", "PoolParticipantMiner: reconnecting in 10s\n");
+                for (int i = 0; i < 10 && !fShutdown; i++) Sleep(1000);
+            }
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    // Operator mode only serves the pool; it does not mine solo.
+    if (nMineMode == MINE_OPERATOR)
+        return true;
+
+    LogPrint("net", "BitcoinMiner started\n");
+    SetThreadPriority(GetCurrentThread(), THREAD_PRIORITY_LOWEST);
+
+    // Build the fast (~2 GB dataset) RandomX mode once, up front, so we're
+    // not stuck mining in the much slower light/cache-only mode forever.
+    if (!RandomXFastReady()) {
+        unsigned int nThreads = std::thread::hardware_concurrency();
+        RandomXInitDataset(nThreads > 0 ? (int)nThreads : 1);
+    }
+
+    // Drawn from the pool, so it is already in wallet.dat before a single hash
+    // is computed. The old code generated a key here and only saved it if this
+    // thread happened to win a block, which meant a backup taken while mining
+    // could not spend what the very next block paid.
+    vector<unsigned char> vchPubKey = GetKeyFromPool();
+    if (vchPubKey.empty())
+    {
+        printf("BitcoinMiner: no wallet key available for coinbase; mining stopped\n");
+        return false;
+    }
+    CBigNum bnExtraNonce = 0;
+    while (fGenerateBitcoins)
+    {
+        Sleep(50);
+        // Return instead of _endthread()ing. With more than one miner thread the
+        // bookkeeping in ThreadBitcoinMiner has to run on the way out, and
+        // _endthread() does not unwind on Windows, so a normal return is the
+        // only exit that works the same on both platforms.
+        if (fShutdown)
+            return true;
+        while (vNodes.empty() && !fSoloMineTest)
+        {
+            Sleep(1000);
+            if (fShutdown)
+                return true;
+        }
+
+        unsigned int nTransactionsUpdatedLast = nTransactionsUpdated;
+        CBlockIndex* pindexPrev = pindexBest;
+        unsigned int nBits = GetNextWorkRequired(pindexPrev);
+
+
+        //
+        // Create coinbase tx
+        //
+        CTransaction txNew;
+        txNew.vin.resize(1);
+        txNew.vin[0].prevout.SetNull();
+        // The height comes first and is what makes this transaction unique.
+        //
+        // Without it nothing in the coinbase belongs to the block: it is a
+        // function of the difficulty, a counter, and the payout key. nBits
+        // holds still for long stretches and bnExtraNonce is a local that
+        // restarts at zero whenever the miner does, so the same combination
+        // comes round again and produces a byte-identical transaction with the
+        // same txid. Two blocks then name the same transaction and the index
+        // keeps whichever arrived last, which silently destroys the outputs of
+        // the first. It has already happened twice on this chain, at heights
+        // 859 and 860 (#58).
+        //
+        // Two coinbases at different heights can now never be identical, no
+        // matter what the counter or the key do.
+        //
+        // Nothing validates coinbase content, so this changes only what we
+        // produce -- nodes that do not upgrade accept these blocks unchanged.
+        // Requiring the height is a separate, coordinated step.
+        txNew.vin[0].scriptSig << (pindexPrev ? pindexPrev->nHeight + 1 : 0) << nBits << ++bnExtraNonce;
+        txNew.vout.resize(1);
+        // Always pay coinbase to own wallet key. In operator mode, the pool
+        // server distributes shares to miners via SendMoney() after each block.
+        txNew.vout[0].scriptPubKey << vchPubKey << OP_CHECKSIG;
+
+
+        //
+        // Create new block
+        //
+        auto_ptr<CBlock> pblock(new CBlock());
+        if (!pblock.get())
+            return false;
+
+        // Add our coinbase tx as first transaction
+        pblock->vtx.push_back(txNew);
+
+        // Collect the latest transactions into the block
+        int64 nFees = 0;
+        CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_main)
+        CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapTransactions)
+        {
+            CTxDB txdb("r");
+            map<uint256, CTxIndex> mapTestPool;
+            vector<char> vfAlreadyAdded(mapTransactions.size());
+            bool fFoundSomething = true;
+            unsigned int nBlockSize = 0;
+            while (fFoundSomething && nBlockSize < MAX_SIZE/2)
+            {
+                fFoundSomething = false;
+                unsigned int n = 0;
+                for (map<uint256, CTransaction>::iterator mi = mapTransactions.begin(); mi != mapTransactions.end(); ++mi, ++n)
+                {
+                    if (vfAlreadyAdded[n])
+                        continue;
+                    CTransaction& tx = (*mi).second;
+                    if (tx.IsCoinBase() || !tx.IsFinal())
+                        continue;
+
+                    // Transaction fee requirements, mainly only needed for flood control
+                    // Under 10K (about 80 inputs) is free for first 100 transactions
+                    // Base rate is 0.01 per KB
+                    int64 nMinFee = tx.GetMinFee(pblock->vtx.size() < 100);
+
+                    map<uint256, CTxIndex> mapTestPoolTmp(mapTestPool);
+                    if (!tx.ConnectInputs(txdb, mapTestPoolTmp, CDiskTxPos(1,1,1), 0, nFees, false, true, nMinFee))
+                        continue;
+                    swap(mapTestPool, mapTestPoolTmp);
+
+                    pblock->vtx.push_back(tx);
+                    nBlockSize += ::GetSerializeSize(tx, SER_NETWORK);
+                    vfAlreadyAdded[n] = true;
+                    fFoundSomething = true;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        pblock->nBits = nBits;
+        pblock->vtx[0].vout[0].nValue = pblock->GetBlockValue(nBestHeight + 1, nFees);
+        if (LogAcceptsCategory("net")) printf("\n\nRunning BitcoinMiner with %d transactions in block\n", (int)pblock->vtx.size());
+
+
+        //
+        // Prepare the block header
+        //
+        pblock->hashPrevBlock  = (pindexPrev ? pindexPrev->GetBlockHash() : 0);
+        pblock->hashMerkleRoot = pblock->BuildMerkleTree();
+        pblock->nTime          = max((pindexPrev ? pindexPrev->GetMedianTimePast()+1 : 0), GetAdjustedTime());
+        pblock->nBits          = nBits;
+        pblock->nNonce         = 1;
+
+
+        //
+        // Search (memory-hard RandomX PoW) -- each thread uses its own VM
+        //
+        void* rxvm = RandomXCreateMinerVM();
+        if (!rxvm)
+        {
+            LogPrint("net", "BitcoinMiner: failed to create RandomX VM\n");
+            Sleep(1000);
+            continue;
+        }
+        // The thread number is in the line on purpose: every miner would
+        // otherwise print the same text, and the dedup filter would fold them
+        // into one, leaving no way to tell four threads from one.
+        LogPrint("net", "BitcoinMiner: thread %d hashing with RandomX (%s)\n",
+               nThreadId, RandomXFastReady() ? "fast 2GB" : "light 256MB");
+
+        unsigned int nStart = GetTime();
+        uint256 hashTarget = CBigNum().SetCompact(pblock->nBits).getuint256();
+        loop
+        {
+            uint256 hash = RandomXHashWithVM(rxvm, (const void*)BEGIN(pblock->nVersion),
+                                             END(pblock->nNonce) - BEGIN(pblock->nVersion));
+
+            if (hash <= hashTarget)
+            {
+                    //// debug print
+                    if (LogAcceptsCategory("net")) printf("BitcoinMiner:\n");
+                    if (LogAcceptsCategory("net")) printf("RandomX proof-of-work found  \n  powhash: %s  \ntarget: %s\n", hash.GetHex().c_str(), hashTarget.GetHex().c_str());
+                    if (LogAcceptsCategory("net")) pblock->print();
+
+                SetThreadPriority(GetCurrentThread(), THREAD_PRIORITY_NORMAL);
+                CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_main)
+                {
+                    // Is the parent we solved for still the tip?
+                    //
+                    // The loop only tests this every 256 hashes, and never
+                    // again once a solution turns up. So a thread that found
+                    // one just after somebody else extended the chain would
+                    // submit a block built on a parent that is no longer the
+                    // tip -- a block born orphaned, at a height already taken.
+                    //
+                    // Every miner thread on this machine works from the same
+                    // pindexPrev, so the moment one of them wins, all the
+                    // others are hashing a doomed template until their next
+                    // checkpoint. On a 32-core box that is thirty threads with
+                    // a standing chance of producing a guaranteed orphan, and
+                    // it is why a healthy miner's wallet filled up with them.
+                    if (pindexPrev != pindexBest)
+                    {
+                        LogPrint("net", "BitcoinMiner: thread %d solved for a parent that is no longer the tip, discarding\n",
+                                 nThreadId);
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        // The key that just got paid was written to wallet.dat
+                        // when it left the pool, so there is nothing to save
+                        // here -- only a fresh one to take for the next block.
+                        // Two threads never draw the same key: the pool hands
+                        // them out one at a time under cs_keyPool, which is
+                        // what keeps concurrent coinbases distinct (#58).
+                        vchPubKey = GetKeyFromPool();
+                        if (vchPubKey.empty())
+                        {
+                            printf("BitcoinMiner: no replacement wallet key available; mining stopped\n");
+                            fGenerateBitcoins = false;
+                        }
+
+                        // Process this block the same as if we had received it from another node
+                        if (!ProcessBlock(NULL, pblock.release()))
+                            LogPrint("net", "ERROR in BitcoinMiner, ProcessBlock, block not accepted\n");
+                    }
+                }
+                SetThreadPriority(GetCurrentThread(), THREAD_PRIORITY_LOWEST);
+
+                Sleep(500);
+                break;
+            }
+
+            // Check stop conditions periodically (RandomX is slow, so every
+            // ~256 hashes is already plenty of time)
+            if ((++pblock->nNonce & 0xff) == 0)
+            {
+                if (fShutdown)
+                    break;          // falls through to RandomXDestroyMinerVM below
+                if (pblock->nNonce == 0)
+                    break;
+                if (pindexPrev != pindexBest)
+                    break;
+                if (nTransactionsUpdated != nTransactionsUpdatedLast && GetTime() - nStart > 60)
+                    break;
+                if (!fGenerateBitcoins)
+                    break;
+                pblock->nTime = max(pindexPrev->GetMedianTimePast()+1, GetAdjustedTime());
+            }
+        }
+        RandomXDestroyMinerVM(rxvm);
+        if (fShutdown)
+            break;
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+// Actions
+//
+
+
+WalletRecoveryAudit GetWalletRecoveryAudit()
+{
+    WalletRecoveryAudit audit;
+    set<vector<unsigned char> > setDerivedPubKeys;
+
+    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_keyPool)
+    {
+        audit.fHaveSeed = HaveHDSeed();
+        audit.nSchema = nHDKeySchema;
+        audit.nDerivedKnown = nHDNext;
+        audit.nReceiveNext = nHDReceiveNext;
+        audit.nChangeNext = nHDChangeNext;
+        audit.nCoinType = nHDCoinType;
+        if (nHDKeySchema == HD_SCHEMA_BIP44)
+            audit.nDerivedKnown = nHDReceiveNext + nHDChangeNext + nHDNext;
+        if (audit.fHaveSeed)
+        {
+            string strError;
+            unsigned int nReceiveDepth = nHDKeySchema == HD_SCHEMA_BIP44
+                ? nHDReceiveNext
+                : nHDNext;
+            for (unsigned int i = 0; i < nReceiveDepth; i++)
+            {
+                CKey key;
+                if (!DeriveHDKey(i, key, strError))
+                {
+                    audit.fDeriveComplete = false;
+                    audit.strDeriveError = strprintf("derivation failed at index %u: %s",
+                                                      i, strError.c_str());
+                    break;
+                }
+                setDerivedPubKeys.insert(key.GetPubKey());
+            }
+            if (nHDKeySchema == HD_SCHEMA_BIP44)
+            {
+                int nSavedSchema = nHDKeySchema;
+                for (unsigned int i = 0; i < nHDChangeNext; i++)
+                {
+                    CKey key;
+                    if (!DeriveHDChangeKey(i, key, strError))
+                    {
+                        audit.fDeriveComplete = false;
+                        audit.strDeriveError = strprintf("change derivation failed at index %u: %s",
+                                                          i, strError.c_str());
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    setDerivedPubKeys.insert(key.GetPubKey());
+                }
+                nHDKeySchema = HD_SCHEMA_LEGACY;
+                for (unsigned int i = 0; i < nHDNext; i++)
+                {
+                    CKey key;
+                    if (!DeriveHDKey(i, key, strError))
+                    {
+                        audit.fDeriveComplete = false;
+                        audit.strDeriveError = strprintf("legacy compatibility derivation failed at index %u: %s",
+                                                          i, strError.c_str());
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    setDerivedPubKeys.insert(key.GetPubKey());
+                }
+                nHDKeySchema = nSavedSchema;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapWallet)
+    {
+        for (map<uint256, CWalletTx>::iterator it = mapWallet.begin(); it != mapWallet.end(); ++it)
+        {
+            CWalletTx& wtx = (*it).second;
+            if (!wtx.IsFinal() || wtx.fSpent)
+                continue;
+            bool fImmature = wtx.IsCoinBase() && wtx.GetBlocksToMaturity() > 0;
+
+            bool fTxRecoverable = false;
+            bool fTxLegacy = false;
+            for (int i = 0; i < (int)wtx.vout.size(); i++)
+            {
+                const CTxOut& txout = wtx.vout[i];
+                if (!txout.IsMine())
+                    continue;
+
+                vector<unsigned char> vchPubKey;
+                bool fRecoverable = false;
+                if (audit.fHaveSeed && ExtractPubKey(txout.scriptPubKey, true, vchPubKey))
+                    fRecoverable = setDerivedPubKeys.count(vchPubKey) > 0;
+
+                if (fRecoverable)
+                {
+                    if (fImmature)
+                        audit.nRecoverableImmatureCredit += txout.nValue;
+                    else
+                        audit.nRecoverableCredit += txout.nValue;
+                    fTxRecoverable = true;
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    if (fImmature)
+                        audit.nLegacyImmatureCredit += txout.nValue;
+                    else
+                        audit.nLegacyCredit += txout.nValue;
+                    fTxLegacy = true;
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (fTxRecoverable)
+            {
+                if (fImmature)
+                    audit.nRecoverableImmatureTx++;
+                else
+                    audit.nRecoverableTx++;
+            }
+            if (fTxLegacy)
+            {
+                if (fImmature)
+                    audit.nLegacyImmatureTx++;
+                else
+                    audit.nLegacyTx++;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return audit;
+}
+
+int64 GetBalance()
+{
+    int64 nStart, nEnd;
+    QueryPerformanceCounter((LARGE_INTEGER*)&nStart);
+
+    int64 nTotal = 0;
+    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapWallet)
+    {
+        for (map<uint256, CWalletTx>::iterator it = mapWallet.begin(); it != mapWallet.end(); ++it)
+        {
+            CWalletTx* pcoin = &(*it).second;
+            if (!pcoin->IsFinal() || pcoin->fSpent)
+                continue;
+            nTotal += pcoin->GetCredit();
+        }
+    }
+
+    QueryPerformanceCounter((LARGE_INTEGER*)&nEnd);
+    ///printf(" GetBalance() time = %16lld\n", nEnd - nStart);
+    return nTotal;
+}
+
+
+
+bool SelectCoins(int64 nTargetValue, set<CWalletTx*>& setCoinsRet)
+{
+    setCoinsRet.clear();
+
+    // List of values less than target
+    int64 nLowestLarger = _I64_MAX;
+    CWalletTx* pcoinLowestLarger = NULL;
+    vector<pair<int64, CWalletTx*> > vValue;
+    int64 nTotalLower = 0;
+
+    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapWallet)
+    {
+        for (map<uint256, CWalletTx>::iterator it = mapWallet.begin(); it != mapWallet.end(); ++it)
+        {
+            CWalletTx* pcoin = &(*it).second;
+            if (!pcoin->IsFinal() || pcoin->fSpent)
+                continue;
+            int64 n = pcoin->GetCredit();
+            if (n <= 0)
+                continue;
+            if (n < nTargetValue)
+            {
+                vValue.push_back(make_pair(n, pcoin));
+                nTotalLower += n;
+            }
+            else if (n == nTargetValue)
+            {
+                setCoinsRet.insert(pcoin);
+                return true;
+            }
+            else if (n < nLowestLarger)
+            {
+                nLowestLarger = n;
+                pcoinLowestLarger = pcoin;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (nTotalLower < nTargetValue)
+    {
+        if (pcoinLowestLarger == NULL)
+            return false;
+        setCoinsRet.insert(pcoinLowestLarger);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    // Solve subset sum by stochastic approximation
+    sort(vValue.rbegin(), vValue.rend());
+    vector<char> vfIncluded;
+    vector<char> vfBest(vValue.size(), true);
+    int64 nBest = nTotalLower;
+
+    for (int nRep = 0; nRep < 1000 && nBest != nTargetValue; nRep++)
+    {
+        vfIncluded.assign(vValue.size(), false);
+        int64 nTotal = 0;
+        bool fReachedTarget = false;
+        for (int nPass = 0; nPass < 2 && !fReachedTarget; nPass++)
+        {
+            for (int i = 0; i < vValue.size(); i++)
+            {
+                if (nPass == 0 ? rand() % 2 : !vfIncluded[i])
+                {
+                    nTotal += vValue[i].first;
+                    vfIncluded[i] = true;
+                    if (nTotal >= nTargetValue)
+                    {
+                        fReachedTarget = true;
+                        if (nTotal < nBest)
+                        {
+                            nBest = nTotal;
+                            vfBest = vfIncluded;
+                        }
+                        nTotal -= vValue[i].first;
+                        vfIncluded[i] = false;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // If the next larger is still closer, return it
+    if (pcoinLowestLarger && nLowestLarger - nTargetValue <= nBest - nTargetValue)
+        setCoinsRet.insert(pcoinLowestLarger);
+    else
+    {
+        for (int i = 0; i < vValue.size(); i++)
+            if (vfBest[i])
+                setCoinsRet.insert(vValue[i].second);
+
+        //// debug print
+        if (LogAcceptsCategory("net")) printf("SelectCoins() best subset: ");
+        for (int i = 0; i < vValue.size(); i++)
+            if (vfBest[i])
+                if (LogAcceptsCategory("net")) printf("%s ", FormatMoney(vValue[i].first).c_str());
+        if (LogAcceptsCategory("net")) printf("total %s\n", FormatMoney(nBest).c_str());
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+
+
+
+bool CreateTransaction(CScript scriptPubKey, int64 nValue, CWalletTx& wtxNew, int64& nFeeRequiredRet)
+{
+    nFeeRequiredRet = 0;
+    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_main)
+    {
+        // txdb must be opened before the mapWallet lock
+        CTxDB txdb("r");
+        CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapWallet)
+        {
+            int64 nFee = nTransactionFee;
+            loop
+            {
+                wtxNew.vin.clear();
+                wtxNew.vout.clear();
+                if (nValue < 0)
+                    return false;
+
+                // nValue is the amount the payee asked for and must stay that.
+                //
+                // This used to read "nValueOut = nValue; nValue += nFee;", and
+                // both lines are inside the retry loop. The first pass was
+                // fine. But when the fee turned out to be too low the loop
+                // starts over, and on the second pass nValueOut is read from
+                // an nValue that already had the fee added -- so the payee is
+                // sent the amount plus the fee, and it compounds on every
+                // further retry, with the sender covering it.
+                //
+                // The retry fires whenever GetMinFee exceeds the fee we
+                // guessed, which for this fee schedule means any transaction
+                // over 10 KB: a wallet paying from many small inputs. Bitcoin
+                // fixed this in 107d9e288.
+                int64 nTotalValue = nValue + nFee;
+
+                // Choose coins to use
+                set<CWalletTx*> setCoins;
+                if (!SelectCoins(nTotalValue, setCoins))
+                    return false;
+                int64 nValueIn = 0;
+                foreach(CWalletTx* pcoin, setCoins)
+                    nValueIn += pcoin->GetCredit();
+
+                // Fill vout[0] to the payee
+                wtxNew.vout.push_back(CTxOut(nValue, scriptPubKey));
+
+                // Fill vout[1] back to self with any change
+                if (nValueIn > nTotalValue)
+                {
+                    vector<unsigned char> vchPubKey;
+                    if (HaveHDSeed())
+                    {
+                        string strError;
+                        if (!DeriveNextHDChangeKey(vchPubKey, strError))
+                        {
+                            printf("CreateTransaction() : could not derive a phrase-backed change key: %s\n",
+                                   strError.c_str());
+                            return false;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        // Legacy wallets have no deterministic seed. Preserve
+                        // the 0.1.0 behaviour for them: return change to a key
+                        // already proven to belong to this wallet.
+                        CTransaction& txFirst = *(*setCoins.begin());
+                        foreach(const CTxOut& txout, txFirst.vout)
+                            if (txout.IsMine())
+                                if (ExtractPubKey(txout.scriptPubKey, true, vchPubKey))
+                                    break;
+                    }
+                    if (vchPubKey.empty())
+                        return false;
+
+                    // Fill vout[1] to ourself
+                    CScript scriptPubKey;
+                    scriptPubKey << vchPubKey << OP_CHECKSIG;
+                    wtxNew.vout.push_back(CTxOut(nValueIn - nTotalValue, scriptPubKey));
+                }
+
+                // Fill vin
+                foreach(CWalletTx* pcoin, setCoins)
+                    for (int nOut = 0; nOut < pcoin->vout.size(); nOut++)
+                        if (pcoin->vout[nOut].IsMine())
+                            wtxNew.vin.push_back(CTxIn(pcoin->GetHash(), nOut));
+
+                // Sign
+                int nIn = 0;
+                foreach(CWalletTx* pcoin, setCoins)
+                    for (int nOut = 0; nOut < pcoin->vout.size(); nOut++)
+                        if (pcoin->vout[nOut].IsMine())
+                            SignSignature(*pcoin, wtxNew, nIn++);
+
+                // Check that enough fee is included
+                if (nFee < wtxNew.GetMinFee(true))
+                {
+                    nFee = nFeeRequiredRet = wtxNew.GetMinFee(true);
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                // Fill vtxPrev by copying from previous transactions vtxPrev
+                wtxNew.AddSupportingTransactions(txdb);
+                wtxNew.fTimeReceivedIsTxTime = true;
+
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+// Undo what CommitTransactionSpent did: unmark the inputs it marked spent
+// and erase the half-committed wallet entry. Used when a transaction is
+// accepted into the wallet but then rejected by the mempool/chain, so we
+// don't end up with a wallet that thinks money is spent that never left.
+void RollbackTransactionSpent(const CWalletTx& wtxNew)
+{
+    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_main)
+    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapWallet)
+    {
+        set<CWalletTx*> setCoins;
+        foreach(const CTxIn& txin, wtxNew.vin)
+        {
+            map<uint256, CWalletTx>::iterator mi = mapWallet.find(txin.prevout.hash);
+            if (mi != mapWallet.end())
+                setCoins.insert(&mi->second);
+        }
+        foreach(CWalletTx* pcoin, setCoins)
+        {
+            pcoin->fSpent = false;
+            pcoin->WriteToDisk();
+            vWalletUpdated.push_back(make_pair(pcoin->GetHash(), false));
+        }
+
+        EraseFromWallet(wtxNew.GetHash());
+    }
+    MainFrameRepaint();
+}
+
+// Call after CreateTransaction unless you want to abort
+bool CommitTransactionSpent(const CWalletTx& wtxNew)
+{
+    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_main)
+    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapWallet)
+    {
+        //// todo: make this transactional, never want to add a transaction
+        ////  without marking spent transactions
+
+        // Add tx to wallet, because if it has change it's also ours,
+        // otherwise just for transaction history.
+        AddToWallet(wtxNew);
+
+        // Mark old coins as spent
+        set<CWalletTx*> setCoins;
+        foreach(const CTxIn& txin, wtxNew.vin)
+            setCoins.insert(&mapWallet[txin.prevout.hash]);
+        foreach(CWalletTx* pcoin, setCoins)
+        {
+            pcoin->fSpent = true;
+            pcoin->WriteToDisk();
+            vWalletUpdated.push_back(make_pair(pcoin->GetHash(), false));
+        }
+    }
+    MainFrameRepaint();
+    return true;
+}
+
+
+
+
+bool SendMoney(CScript scriptPubKey, int64 nValue, CWalletTx& wtxNew)
+{
+    CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_main)
+    {
+        int64 nFeeRequired;
+        if (!CreateTransaction(scriptPubKey, nValue, wtxNew, nFeeRequired))
+        {
+            string strError;
+            if (nValue + nFeeRequired > GetBalance())
+                strError = strprintf("Error: This is an oversized transaction that requires a transaction fee of %s ", FormatMoney(nFeeRequired).c_str());
+            else
+                strError = "Error: Transaction creation failed ";
+            return error("SendMoney() : %s\n", strError.c_str());
+        }
+        if (!CommitTransactionSpent(wtxNew))
+        {
+            return error("SendMoney() : Error finalizing transaction");
+        }
+
+        if (LogAcceptsCategory("net")) printf("SendMoney: %s\n", wtxNew.GetHash().ToString().substr(0,6).c_str());
+
+        // Broadcast
+        if (!wtxNew.AcceptTransaction())
+        {
+            // The transaction was already signed and committed to the wallet
+            // above, but the chain/mempool just rejected it (e.g. a raced
+            // input already spent by another transaction). Unwind the
+            // wallet state we just wrote instead of crashing the app.
+            RollbackTransactionSpent(wtxNew);
+            return error("SendMoney() : wtxNew.AcceptTransaction() failed");
+        }
+        wtxNew.RelayWalletTransaction();
+    }
+    MainFrameRepaint();
+    return true;
+}